<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2007-3364</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Therya]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Therya]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2007-3364</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociación Mexicana de Mastozoología A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2007-33642025000100107</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12933/therya-25-6150</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The components of predation in Culpeo Foxes (Lycalopex culpaeus), and the value of long-term observations]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kelt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Douglas A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meserve]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Peter L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Previtali]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. Andrea]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Milstead]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. Bryan]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Brian K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Véas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hector]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Julio R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Troncoso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandra J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Madan K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of California Department of Wildlife, Fish, &amp; Conservation Biology ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Davis California]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Idaho Department of Biological Sciences ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Moscow Idaho]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional del Litoral Departamento de Ciencias Naturales ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santa Fe ]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,U.S. Environmental Protection Agency National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory Atlantic Ecology Division]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Narragansett ]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Bernalill  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ New Mexico]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de La Serena Departamento de Biología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Serena ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af7">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af8">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Florida Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Gainesville Florida]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>107</fpage>
<lpage>124</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2007-33642025000100107&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2007-33642025000100107&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2007-33642025000100107&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Understanding predator-prey dynamics requires insight on predator responses to variation in prey abundance. Whereas most predators respond numerically to changes in food availability, functional responses are less clear. Characterizing both is essential to understanding how predator-prey dynamics will change with spatiotemporal variation in resources or habitat conditions. The Culpeo (Lycalopex culpaeus) is a wide-ranging South American canid broadly characterized as a generalist forager exhibiting numerical responses, but limited functional responses, to variation in prey availability. We employ a 23-year perspective on the diet of Culpeos, using monthly demographic monitoring of small mammal prey species and concurrent collection of Culpeo scat in a large protected area in Chile. As elsewhere, Culpeos emphasize small mammals in their diet, but they consistently consume some species (notably Abrocoma bennettii) disproportionate to their apparent availability. Culpeos here display limited numerical responses to variation in small mammal abundance, although this weakens during extended periods of low small mammal availability when foxes presumably switch to other food items. Culpeos exhibit an asymptotic (Type II) functional response to variation in abundance of small mammal prey. While Type II functional responses are generally considered to characterize specialist predators, these patterns match expectations for a generalist forager that strongly favors certain prey species, and underscore the importance of long-term data for elucidating fundamental ecological patterns. Further work is needed to dissect this functional response among key prey species, and to determine if and how this may fluctuate with climatic conditions, which vary extensively here due to El Niño Southern Oscillations. Long-term datasets provide unique opportunities to understand and characterize such patterns in natural communities.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Entender la dinámica depredador-presa requiere comprender cómo los depredadores responden a las variaciones en la abundancia de presas. Mientras la mayoría de los depredadores responderán numéricamente a los cambios en la disponibilidad de alimento, las respuestas funcionales son menos claros. Caracterizando ambas respuestas es esencial para comprender cómo cambiara la dinámica entre depredador y presa a la variación espaciotemporal en recursos o en las condiciones del hábitat. El Culpeo (Lycalopex culpaeus) es un cánido sudamericano ampliamente distribuido y generalmente caracterizado como un depredador generalista exhibiendo respuestas numéricas, pero limitada (o no) respuestas funcionales, a la variación en la disponibilidad de presas. Nosotros empleamos una perspectiva de 23 años en la dieta de Culpeo, usando un programa de monitoreo demográfico mensual de micromamíferos y la colección simultánea de fecas de culpeo en un área protegida en Chile. Como en otras partes, los culpeos seleccionan micromamíferos en su dieta, pero consumen algunas especies (especialmente Abrocoma bennettii) en forma desproporcionado en relación con su disponibilidad aparente. Culpeos acá muestran una respuesta numérica limitada a la variación en abundancia de micromamíferos, aunque esto es más débil durante largos períodos de disponibilidad baja de micromamíferos cuando los zorros probablemente cambian a otros alimentos. Los culpeos exhiben una respuesta funcional asintótica (tipo II) a la variación en la abundancia de presas de micromamíferos. Tanto como respuestas funcionales tipo II son generalmente considerado a caracterizar depredadores especialistas, estos patrones coinciden con la expectativa de un forrajeo generalista que fuertemente favorece ciertas especies de presa y destacan la importancia de los datos a largo plazo para elucidar patrones ecológicos fundamentales. Se necesitan más trabajos para disectar esta respuesta funcional entre especie de presas clave y para determinar si y cómo esto puede fluctuar con las condiciones climáticas, que pueden variar ampliamente en asociación con la Oscilación del Sur El Niño. Conjuntos de datos a largo plazo proporcionan oportunidades únicas para entender y caracterizar estos patrones fundamentales en las comunidades naturales.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Diet]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[foraging ecology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[functional response]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[generalist predator]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[long-term data, numerical response]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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