<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2007-1132</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de ciencias forestales]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. de cienc. forestales]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2007-1132</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2007-11322016000200057</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Organogénesis directa para la propagación in vitro de Quillaja saponaria Molina en Sudamérica Austral]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Direct organogenesis for in vitro propagation of Quillaja saponaria Molina in Southern South America]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vidal Cob Uicab]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ríos Leal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Darcy]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sabja]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana María]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cartes Riquelme]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Priscila]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez Olate]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,INIFAP Centro de Investigación Regional Sureste Campo Experimental Chetumal]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Concepción Centro de Biotecnología Facultad de Ciencias Forestales]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,GenFor, S. A.  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Concepción  Laboratorio Silvoagrícola Vitroflora Austral]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>34</numero>
<fpage>57</fpage>
<lpage>68</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2007-11322016000200057&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2007-11322016000200057&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2007-11322016000200057&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Quillaja saponaria es una especie arbórea endémica de cuatro países de América del Sur. De su corteza, se extraen saponinas, moléculas de importancia económica utilizadas con fines farmacéuticos, industriales y agronómicos. En el presente estudio se evaluó el efecto de componentes hormonales sobre la capacidad morfogénica de Q. saponaria, a partir de segmentos caulinares provenientes de árboles adultos. Se empleó el medio de cultivo Murashige y Skoog (MS) suplementado con nueve concentraciones de ácido indol 3-butírico (AIB) y 6-bencilaminopurina (BAP). Se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar balanceado con cinco repeticiones; la unidad experimental fue un frasco de vidrio con cuatro explantes. El material se mantuvo en una cámara de crecimiento a 25±1 °C en el día y 22±1 °C en la noche, a una intensidad lumínica de 3000 lux y una humedad relativa de 60 %. Se determinaron efectos significativos (P = 0.01) de los tratamientos sobre las variables número de brotes y elongación caulinar. La prueba estadística de rangos múltiples de Duncan ratificó que los tratamientos con diferencias significativas fueron 1.0 mgL-1 de AIB y 2.0 mgL-1 de BAP, para número de brotes por explante y 1.5 mg L-1 de AIB y 0.5 mg L-1 de BAP para la elongación caulinar. El análisis histológico evidenció la proliferación de estructuras meristemáticas a partir de tejido subepidérmico. Estos resultados respaldan los cimientos científicos de la competencia morfogénica de árboles adultos como fuentes de germoplasma para la propagación clonal, clave en un programa de masificación de individuos elite.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Quillaja saponaria is an endemic tree species from four countries in South America. From its bark, saponins are extracted which are economically important molecules used in pharmaceutical, industrial and agricultural purposes. In the present study the effect of hormonal components on the morphogenic capacity of Q. saponaria from caulinary segments from adult trees were evaluated. Murashige and Skoog (MS) culture medium supplemented with nine concentrations of 3-indole butyric acid (IBA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) was used. A completely randomized balanced design with five replications was used; the experimental unit was a glass jar with four explants. The material was kept in a growth chamber at 25 ± 1 °C during day time and 22 ± 1 °C at night, with a light intensity of 3000 lux and a relative humidity of 60 %. Significant effects (P = 0.01) of the treatments on the variables number of outbreaks and caulinary elongation were determined. Duncan&#8217;s multiple range test confirmed that the treatments with significant differences were 1.0 mg L-1 of IBA and 2.0 mg L-1 BAP, for the number of shoots per explant and 1.5 mg L-1 of IBA and 0.5 mg L-1 BAP for caulinary elongation. The histological analyses revealed that the proliferation of meristematic structures was originated in the subepidermic tissue. These results support the scientific foundation of morphogenic competence of adult trees as sources of germ plasm for clonal propagation, which are crucial in a massive program of elite individuals.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ácido indol 3-butírico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[edad fisiológica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estructuras meristemáticas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Quillaja saponaria Molina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[segmentos nodales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[vitroplantas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Indole-3-butyric acid]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[physiological age]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[meristematic structures]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Quillaja saponaria Molina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nodal segments]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[vitro-plantlets]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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