<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1870-3453</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de biodiversidad]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Mex. Biodiv.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1870-3453</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Biología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1870-34532024000100201</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/ib.20078706e.2024.95.5108</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Viabilidad poblacional del oso andino (Tremarctos ornatus) en un escenario de cacería y pérdida de hábitat]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Population viability of the Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus) in a scenario of hunting and habitat loss]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maldonado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Willy]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Wildlife Conservation Society  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Perú</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>95</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1870-34532024000100201&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1870-34532024000100201&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1870-34532024000100201&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El oso andino es la única especie de oso que habita Sudamérica; su población se reduce principalmente por pérdida de hábitat y cacería debido a la interacción humano-oso andino. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la viabilidad poblacional en el paisaje Madidi Tambopata a través de modelado computacional. Para ésto, se diseñaron varios escenarios: base, fragmentación de hábitat y cacería, y efectos combinados de la fragmentación de hábitat y cacería. Cada escenario se simuló 1,000 veces con proyecciones a 100 años con el software VORTEX 9.6. Se evaluaron: probabilidad de persistencia, tasa de crecimiento y tiempo de extinción. Los resultados señalan que la población del oso andino es viable (PP = 100%) en 100 años de simulación, creciendo en 0.04% anualmente y no hay riesgo de extinción. Sin embargo, la cacería redujo la probabilidad de persistencia a 41%, la tasa de crecimiento disminuyó a -0.03% anualmente. En un paisaje fragmentado, la tasa decrece a -0.04% por efecto de la endogamia y la probabilidad de extinción aparece a los 60 años. Es fundamental establecer estrategias de conservación que apunten al control de la cacería; al mismo tiempo, establecer mecanismo de conservación que aseguren una disponibilidad continua de hábitat adecuado.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The Andean bear is the only species of bear that inhabits South America. Its population is reduced due to the loss of habitat and indiscriminate hunting due to human-Andean bear interaction. The objective was to determine the population viability of the Andean bear in the paisaje Madidi Tambopata through computer modelling. For this, several scenarios were designed: base, habitat fragmentation and hunting, and combined effects of habitat fragmentation and hunting. Each scenario was simulated 1,000 times with 100-year projections with the VORTEX 9.6 software. The following were evaluated: the probability of persistence, growth rate, and extinction time. The results indicate that the population of the Andean bear is viable (PP = 100%) in 100 years of simulation, growing by 0.04% annually, and there is no risk of extinction. However, hunting reduced the probability of persistence to 41%, and the growth rate decreased to -0.03% annually. In a fragmented landscape, the rate decreases to -0.04% due to inbreeding and the probability of extinction appears at 60 years. It is essential to establish conservation strategies that aim to control hunting and, simultaneously, establish conservation mechanisms that ensure continuous availability of suitable habitat.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Interacción humano-oso]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Mecanismo de conservación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Probabilidad de extinción]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Unidades de conservación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Coexistencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Gestión efectiva]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sitios prioritarios]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Interaction human-bear]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Conservation mechanism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Probability of extinction]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Conservation units]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Coexistence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Effective management]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Priority sites]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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