<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-2738</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de ingeniería química]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Mex. Ing. Quím]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-2738</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-27382015000200017</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Estudio numérico del tratamiento termoquímico de carburizado y temple de una flecha de transmisión empleando diseño de experimentos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Numerical study of carburizing and quenching thermochemical treatment of a drive shaft employing experiment design]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Morales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montes-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luna-Bustamante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A03"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Balderas-Puga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luna-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A04"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnológico de Querétaro  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Querétaro ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Ingeniería y Desarrollo Industrial  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Querétaro ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A03">
<institution><![CDATA[,Advanced Micro Devices Maquinaria, S.A. de C.V.  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Querétaro Qro.]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A04">
<institution><![CDATA[,Transmisiones y Equipos Mecánicos, S.A. de C.V.  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Querétaro Qro.]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>405</fpage>
<lpage>413</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-27382015000200017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-27382015000200017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-27382015000200017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[El tratamiento termoquímico de carburizado y temple se aplica extensivamente en la industria de fabricación de autopartes. Cuando el tratamiento se aplica en más de una etapa, su estudio por medio de experimentos se hace demasiado extenso por la gran cantidad de combinaciones de las variables de tratamiento que pueden obtenerse. Una alternativa de estudio viable es simular numéricamente el proceso y realizar experimentos virtuales, lo cual, en conjunto con la aplicación de técnicas estadísticas de diseño de experimentos, permite profundizar en el conocimiento del mismo a costos relativamente bajos, para encontrar así condiciones de tratamiento mas favorables que repercuten en la disminución de costos de producción. En el presente estudio se simularon, con el paquete computacional comercial COMSOL Multiphysics®, las dos etapas de carburizado, de un proceso en cuatro etapas que incluye temple, de una flecha de transmisión, obteniendose resultados que fueron validados por comparación con mediciones de dureza realizadas en piezas de producción tratadas, aplicando posteriormente un diseño de experimentos en base a un arreglo de Taguchi. Se obtuvieron así resultados de simulación para una variedad de combinaciones de parámetros de tratamiento, resaltando aquellas que implican una disminución de los costos de tratamiento.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Carburizing and quenching thermochemical treatment is extensively applied in the automotive parts manufacturing industry. When the treatment consists of more than one stage, the study by means of experiments becomes too vast due to the large number of combinations of treatment variables that can be obtained. A viable alternative of study is to numerically simulate the process and to perform virtual experiments, which, together with the application of design of experiments statistical techniques, allows a deeper understanding of the process at relatively low costs, in order to find more favorable treatment conditions that impact on production costs reduction. In the present study the two carburizing stages, in a four stages process that includes quenching, of a drive shaft, were simulated with COMSOL Multiphysics® commercial software package, giving results which were validated by comparison with hardness measurements performed on treated production parts, later applying a design of experiments based on a Taguchi array. Thus simulation results for a variety of combinations of treatment parameters were obtained, emphasizing those that result in a reduction of the treatment costs.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[carburizado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[simulación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[COMSOL]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[dureza]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Taguchi]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[carburizing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[simulation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[COMSOL]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hardness]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Taguchi]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Fen&oacute;menos de transporte</font></p>     <p align="justify">&nbsp;	</p> 	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Estudio num&eacute;rico del tratamiento termoqu&iacute;mico de carburizado y temple de una flecha de transmisi&oacute;n empleando dise&ntilde;o de experimentos</b></font></p>     <p align="center">&nbsp;</p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="3"><b>Numerical study of carburizing and quenching thermochemical treatment of a drive shaft employing experiment design</b></font></p>     <p align="center">&nbsp;</p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>E. Rodr&iacute;guez&#45;Morales<sup>1</sup>*, J.J. Montes&#45;Rodr&iacute;guez<sup>2</sup>, A.G. Luna&#45;Bustamante<sup>3</sup>, D. Balderas&#45;Puga<sup>1</sup> y C. Luna&#45;Gonz&aacute;lez<sup>4</sup></b><sup></sup></font></p>     <p align="center">&nbsp;</p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>1</sup> Instituto Tecnol&oacute;gico de Quer&eacute;taro. Av. Tecnol&oacute;gico s/n esq. Mariano Escobedo, Col. Centro, C.P. 76000, Quer&eacute;taro, Qro., M&eacute;xico. *Autora para la correspondencia.</i> E&#45;mail: <a href="mailto:e.rodriguez.morales79@gmail.com">e.rodriguez.morales79@gmail.com</a>, <i>Tel. 44&#45;22&#45;27&#45;44&#45;21.</i></font></p>  	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>2</sup> Centro de Ingenier&iacute;a y Desarrollo Industrial. Av. Playa Pie de la Cuesta No. 702, Desarrollo San Pablo, C.P. 76130, Quer&eacute;taro, Qro., M&eacute;xico.</i></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>3</sup> AMD Maquinaria, S.A. de C.V. Av. Pe&ntilde;uelas No. 21 Nave C4, Col. San Pedrito Pe&ntilde;uelas, C.P. 76148, Quer&eacute;taro, Qro., M&eacute;xico.</i></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i> <sup>4 </sup>Transmisiones y Equipos Mec&aacute;nicos, S.A. de C.V. Av. 5 de Febrero No. 2115, Fracc. Industrial Benito Ju&aacute;rez, C.P. 76120, Quer&eacute;taro, Qro., M&eacute;xico.</i> </font></p> 	    <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido 30 de Junio de 2014    <br>Aceptado 16 de Junio de 2015</font></p>     <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">El tratamiento termoqu&iacute;mico de carburizado y temple se aplica extensivamente en la industria de fabricaci&oacute;n de autopartes. Cuando el tratamiento se aplica en m&aacute;s de una etapa, su estudio por medio de experimentos se hace demasiado extenso por la gran cantidad de combinaciones de las variables de tratamiento que pueden obtenerse. Una alternativa de estudio viable es simular num&eacute;ricamente el proceso y realizar experimentos virtuales, lo cual, en conjunto con la aplicaci&oacute;n de t&eacute;cnicas estad&iacute;sticas de dise&ntilde;o de experimentos, permite profundizar en el conocimiento del mismo a costos relativamente bajos, para encontrar as&iacute; condiciones de tratamiento mas favorables que repercuten en la disminuci&oacute;n de costos de producci&oacute;n. En el presente estudio se simularon, con el paquete computacional comercial COMSOL Multiphysics&reg;, las dos etapas de carburizado, de un proceso en cuatro etapas que incluye temple, de una flecha de transmisi&oacute;n, obteniendose resultados que fueron validados por comparaci&oacute;n con mediciones de dureza realizadas en piezas de producci&oacute;n tratadas, aplicando posteriormente un dise&ntilde;o de experimentos en base a un arreglo de Taguchi. Se obtuvieron as&iacute; resultados de simulaci&oacute;n para una variedad de combinaciones de par&aacute;metros de tratamiento, resaltando aquellas que implican una disminuci&oacute;n de los costos de tratamiento.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Palabras clave:</b> carburizado, simulaci&oacute;n, COMSOL, dureza, Taguchi.</font></p> 	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"> <b>Abstract</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Carburizing and quenching thermochemical treatment is extensively applied in the automotive parts manufacturing industry. When the treatment consists of more than one stage, the study by means of experiments becomes too vast due to the large number of combinations of treatment variables that can be obtained. A viable alternative of study is to numerically simulate the process and to perform virtual experiments, which, together with the application of design of experiments statistical techniques, allows a deeper understanding of the process at relatively low costs, in order to find more favorable treatment conditions that impact on production costs reduction. In the present study the two carburizing stages, in a four stages process that includes quenching, of a drive shaft, were simulated with COMSOL Multiphysics&reg; commercial software package, giving results which were validated by comparison with hardness measurements performed on treated production parts, later applying a design of experiments based on a Taguchi array. Thus simulation results for a variety of combinations of treatment parameters were obtained, emphasizing those that result in a reduction of the treatment costs. </font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords:</b> carburizing, simulation, COMSOL, hardness, Taguchi.</font></p> 	    <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>         <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="../pdf/rmiq/v14n2/v14n2a17.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>  	    <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Agradecimientos</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">E. Rodr&iacute;guez&#45;Morales agradece al Instituto Tecnol&oacute;gico de Quer&eacute;taro (ITQ) por el apoyo otorgado para la realizaci&oacute;n del presente proyecto, registrado ante la Direcci&oacute;n General de Educaci&oacute;n Superior Tecnol&oacute;gica (DGEST) con el n&uacute;mero PIII&#45;ITQ&#45;003&#45;2011. A.G. Luna&#45;Bustamante agradece la beca concedida mediante el proyecto PIII&#45;ITQ&#45;003&#45;2011 para la realizaci&oacute;n de tesis de licenciatura, como parte de los trabajos del presente proyecto, durante su permanencia como estudiante de la carrera de Ingenier&iacute;a Mec&aacute;nica en el Instituto Tecnol&oacute;gico de Quer&eacute;taro (ITQ). Los autores agradecen a la empresa Transmisiones y Equipos Mec&aacute;nicos, S.A. de C.V. las facilidades otorgadas para la realizaci&oacute;n de la parte experimental del presente trabajo.</font></p>     <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>     ]]></body>
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<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Heat Treatment Simulation - Can Help Avoid Process Problems]]></article-title>
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<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Modeling of the Carburizing and Nitriding Processes]]></article-title>
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