Effects of culture media on the kinetics of infective juvenile production of the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae, in submerged monoxenic culture

Efecto del medio de cultivo sobre la cinética de producción de fases infectivas juveniles del nematodo entomopatógeno Steinernema carpocapsae, en cultivo monoxénico sumergido

N. Chavarría–Hernández¹*, M. A. Islas–López², G. Maciel–Vergara¹, B. R. Rodríguez Pastrana¹ and A. I. Rodríguez–Hernández¹

¹ Cuerpo Académico de Biotecnología Agroalimentaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos del Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo. Av. Universidad km 1, Rancho Universitario, Tulancingo de Bravo, Hidalgo. CP 43600. México. * Corresponding author: E–mail: norberto@uaeh.reduaeh.mx

² Universidad de la Cañada. Carretera Teotitlán–San Antonio Nanahuatipan km 1.7, Teotitlán de Flores Magón, Oaxaca. CP 68540. México.

Recibido 16 de Septiembre 2006
Aceptado 4 de Abril 2008

Abstract

The effects of culture medium formulations on the kinetics of infective juvenile (IJ) production of the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae, were studied in submerged monoxenic culture in orbitally agitated cylindrical bottles using four culture media containing agave juice from Agave spp. among other ingredients. The IJ production kinetics was well modelled through a re–parameterised 3–parameter Gompertz model with kinetic parameters: IJ–lag phase, λ_ij (d), maximum IJ–stage conversion rate, m_max (≡[d(C_IJ/C_IJ,0)/dt]_max) (d^–1), and IJ–multiplication factor, (C_IJ/C_IJ,0)_max(–), with values within the ranges 14 d < λ_ij < 16 d; 33 d^–1 < m_max < 241 d^–1 and 66 (–) < (C_IJ/C_IJ,0)_max< 611 (–), respectively. It was apparent that maximum values of m_max and (C_IJ/C_IJ,0)_maxwere obtained in medium A4 (21.6 % (v/v) agave juice, 1.1 % (w/v) yeast extract, 1.2 % (w/v) dried egg yolk, 2.5 % (v/v) corn oil). Also, the maximum average IJ concentration (249,444 per mL) was achieved in A4–fermentations.

Keywords: entomopathogenic nematode, culture medium, fat/carbohydrates ratio, carbohydrates/protein ratio, agave juice, modelling.

Resumen

Se estudiaron los efectos de medios de cultivo en la cinética de producción de fases infectivas juveniles (IJ) del nematodo entomopatógeno Steinernema carpocapsae en cultivo monoxénico sumergido, mediante el desarrollo de cultivos en frascos cilíndricos agitados orbitalmente usando cuatro formulaciones de medio conteniendo aguamiel de Agave spp., entre otros ingredientes. La cinética de producción de fases IJ fue bien modelada mediante el modelo de Gompertz de 3 parámetros, reparametrizado, que involucró los siguientes parámetros cinéticos: fase lag IJ, λ_ij (d), máxima velocidad de conversión a IJ, m_max (≡[d(C_IJ/C_IJ,0)/dt]_max) (d^–1), y factor de multiplicación IJ, (C_IJ/C_IJ,0)_max (–), registrando variaciones en los intervalos 14 d < λ_ij < 16 d; 33 d^–1 < m_max < 241 d^–1 y 66 (–) < (C_IJ/C_IJ,0)_max< 611 (–), respectivamente. Aparentemente, los máximos valores de m_max y (C_IJ/C_IJ,0)_max fueron determinados cuando se usó el medio A4 (21.6 % (v/v) aguamiel, 1.1 % (p/v) extracto de levadura, 1.2 % (p/v) yema de huevo deshidratada, 2.5 % (v/v) aceite de maíz). Además, la máxima concentración promedio de fases IJ (249,444 por mL) fue alcanzada usando el medio A4.

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Acknowledgments

Authors thank financial support of Fondos Mixtos–Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología–Gobierno del Estado de Hidalgo, México (Grant 2002019206), and PIFI P/CA–3 2006–14–04 "Consolidación del Cuerpo Académico de Biotecnología Agroalimentaria". Many thanks to Ometeotl–AC, Tlaxcala, México, for the agave juice supply. Molecular identification of the symbiotic bacterium by the group of Dr. Wacher–Rodarte is deeply acknowledged.

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