<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1607-4041</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista electrónica de investigación educativa]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[REDIE]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1607-4041</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo Educativo]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1607-40412018000100038</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Diseño del formato de escalas tipo Likert: un estado de la cuestión]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Likert-Type Scale Format Design: State of Art]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Málaga  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>38</fpage>
<lpage>47</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1607-40412018000100038&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1607-40412018000100038&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1607-40412018000100038&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Las escalas tipo Likert constituyen uno de los instrumentos más utilizados en Ciencias Sociales y estudios de mercado. No obstante, existe cierto debate sobre el formato de estas escalas para obtener datos de calidad. En este artículo se presenta un estudio de revisión sobre los formatos de las escala tipo Likert y su relación con la calidad de los datos que es posible obtener con ellos. Para ello se ha realizado una revisión sistemática junto con una síntesis del contenido, identificando un conjunto de temas o tópicos relevantes por sus implicaciones metodológicas: sesgos y estilos de respuesta, el número óptimo de alternativas, las razones de elección de la alternativa intermedia y el efecto de la alternativa &#8220;No opino&#8221;. Con base en el análisis y discusión de estos temas se presentan algunas recomendaciones de formato en las conclusiones del estudio.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Likert-type scales are one of the most commonly used instruments in social sciences and market research. Nonetheless, there is some debate regarding the format needed in these scales to obtain quality data. This study is a review of Likert-type scale formats and their association with data quality. To that effect, a systematic review was performed, along with a synthesis of content, to identify a series of topics that are relevant due to their methodological implications: response bias and styles, the optimal number of alternatives, reasons for choosing the intermediate response, and the effect of the &#8220;No Opinion&#8221; alternative. On the basis of an analysis and discussion of these topics, the study presents some recommendations for formatting in the conclusions.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Escala Likert]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[encuestas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[datos de investigación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sesgo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Likert schale]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[surveys]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[survey data]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[statistical bias]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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