<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-1435</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Convergencia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Convergencia]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-1435</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Administración]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-14352019000200002</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29101/crcs.v26i80.11097</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Brechas, representación y congruencia élite-ciudadanía en Chile y Uruguay]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Gaps, Representation, and Elite-Mass Congruence in Chile and Uruguay]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Bustamante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bastián]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Santiago de Chile  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>80</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-14352019000200002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-14352019000200002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-14352019000200002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Este artículo analiza tres dimensiones de la congruencia élite-ciudadanía en Chile y Uruguay: a) ideológica; b) temática, respaldo y satisfacción con la democracia; y c) preferencias del rol del Estado en la economía. Se utilizan datos de encuestas nacionales probabilísticas y encuestas de élites financiadas por IDRC de Canadá y realizadas entre 2013 y 2014 en cada país. Se calculan indicadores de congruencia para identificar brechas entre ciudadanos y representantes. Los principales indicadores con los cuales se trabaja son Congruencia Ciudadana Relativa y Earth Mover&#8217;s Distance, una innovación reciente de las ciencias de la computación. Los hallazgos muestran una mayor congruencia ideológica en Chile, una mayor congruencia en el apoyo a la democracia en Uruguay e importantes brechas en materia educacional en Chile. Además, en ambos países se advierte mayor congruencia sobre problemas públicos relevantes entre los sectores de mayor nivel socioeconómico y la élite política.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: This paper analyzes three dimensions of elite-mass congruence in Chile and Uruguay: (a) ideological; (b) public issues, support, and satisfaction with democracy; and, (c) economic preferences on the role of the State. Data from probabilistic national surveys and surveys on elites financed by IDRC-Canada and carried out from 2013 to 2014 in each country are used. Congruence indexes are calculated to identify gaps between citizens and representatives. The main indexes used are Relative Citizen Congruence and Earth Mover&#8217;s Distance, a recent innovation borrowed from computer science. The findings show a greater ideological congruence in Chile, a greater congruence on support to democracy in Uruguay, and important gaps on education issues in Chile. Furthermore, in both countries there is greater congruence regarding relevant public issues between higher socioeconomic level population and the political elite.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[elites]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[representation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[congruence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Chile]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Uruguay.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[élites]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[representación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[congruencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Chile]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Uruguay]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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