<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1026-8774</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de ciencias geológicas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. cienc. geol]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1026-8774</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Geología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1026-87742016000100059</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Nuevas determinaciones de velocidades de ondas P y ondas S para la corteza sísmica del terreno Cuyania en el retroarco andino]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[New velocity determinations of P waves and S waves for the seismic crust of the Cuyania terrane in the Andean backarc]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Venerdini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Agostina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gerardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvarado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Patricia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bilbao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Inés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ammirati]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jean-Baptiste]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas Centro de Investigaciones de la Geósfera y Biósfera ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Rivadavia San Juan]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de San Juan Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales Departamento de Geofísica y Astronomía]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Rivadavia San Juan]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Prevención Sísmica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ San Juan]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>59</fpage>
<lpage>71</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1026-87742016000100059&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1026-87742016000100059&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1026-87742016000100059&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN En este trabajo se obtiene un modelo cortical (1D) de velocidades sísmicas de ondas P y ondas S (de manera independiente) para la región comprendida entre 30°-32.5° S y 67°-68.5° O del retroarco andino, a unos 450 km al este de la trinchera. Para la determinación de este modelo de corteza se utilizaron los datos de 514 sismos locales de magnitudes 0.8 &lt; M L &lt; 4.8 ocurridos entre 1996 y 2014 reportados en el catálogo de la red de estaciones sísmicas permanentes del Instituto Nacional de Prevención Sísmica (INPRES) de Argentina. Para este conjunto de sismos se leyeron manualmente los tiempos de arribo de ondas P y S en 37 estaciones sismológicas. Así, fue posible realizar la localización de cada sismo considerando ponderaciones por calidad y distancia y un modelo de velocidades sísmicas obtenido por otros estudios. Posteriormente, se estudió la estructura de velocidades sísmicas mediante la técnica de inversión de tiempos de viaje. Este procedimiento iterativo tomó en cuenta varios modelos de variación de la velocidad con la profundidad; los mejores resultados se obtuvieron cuando se consideró un modelo inicial de aproximación a un gradiente cuyos valores de velocidades fueron menores que aquellos correspondientes al modelo disponible. Luego de efectuar 36 grupos de ensayos con siete inversiones en promedio para cada uno, se obtuvo el modelo de corteza final. El modelo de corteza obtenido indica discontinuidades en las velocidades sísmicas intracorticales a 3 km, 13 km, 27 km y 36 km de profundidad. Además, se observa la mayor discontinuidad en velocidades sísmicas a 47 km de profundidad en promedio, que se interpreta como la discontinuidad de Mohorovic&#780;ic&#769; sobre la base de estudios previos y valores de velocidades representativos de regiones de corteza y manto superior. El nivel más superficial es indicativo de la presencia de cuencas sedimentarias que abarcan más del 70 % de la región estudiada. Las discontinuidades situadas a 13 km y 27 km muestran una buena correlación con niveles reconocidos de desacople de zonas de fallamiento mayor. Los resultados obtenidos para velocidades de ondas P (Vp) y velocidades de ondas S (Vs) se corresponden con valores bajos para la relación de Vp/Vs en la corteza inferior. Estas nuevas determinaciones geofísicas son consistentes con una corteza inferior de mayor incremento en Vs en comparación con el incremento que registra Vp y de ausencia de sismicidad. Estos resultados están de acuerdo con una composición máfica parcialmente eclogitizada. La alta relación Vp/Vs para los niveles superiores de la corteza serían indicativos de una mayor fracturación del terreno Cuyania que favorece una disminución en los valores de Vs observados y generación de sismicidad, en comparación con los niveles de corteza más profundos. Este modelo permite lograr el mejor ajuste de los tiempos de viaje de ondas P y S y, por lo tanto, mejorar la precisión de las localizaciones de sismos cuyos epicentros quedan comprendidos en la zona de estudio. Este estudio utilizando una densificación de arribos de fases P y S generados por sismos corticales muestra un basamento indistinguible para la región bajo Precordillera y Sierras Pampeanas Occidentales que conformarían el terreno Cuyania.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT In this study a crustal model (1D) of P and S wave seismic velocities is independently obtained for the region located between 30°-32.5° S and 67°-68.5° W of the Andean, at about 450 km east from the trench. To determine this crustal model 514 local earthquakes data were used. These earthquakes had local magnitudes between 0.8 &lt; ML &lt; 4.8 and had occurred between July 1996 and January 2014, and were reported by the permanent seismic network catalog of the Argentinean National Institute on Seismic Prevention (INPRES). For these earthquakes, the P and S wave arrival times were manually read in 37 seismic stations. Thus, it was possible to obtain the seismic location of each earthquake using weighing for quality and distance, and a seismic velocity model previously obtained by other studies. Then, the seismic velocity structure was studied in detail using a travel time inversion technique. The iterative method took into account several starting models with their velocity varying with depth; the best results occur for a starting model built from gradients in velocities whose values are smaller than those of an available crustal model. A final crustal seismic velocity model was obtained after testing 36 combinations of crustal parameters with seven average number of inversions each time. The obtained crustal model indicates intracrustal discontinuities in seismic velocities at depths of 3 km, 13 km, 27 km and 36 km. In addition, the greater discontinuity in seismic velocities is observed at 47 km depth approximately, which is interpreted as the Mohorovi&#269;ic&#769; discontinuity on the base of previous studies and velocity values representative of crustal and upper mantle regions. The shallowest level is sensitive to sedimentary basins which contain more than 70% of the studied region. Discontinuities located at 13 km and 27 km depths show a good correlation with décollement levels shown by other geophysical studies. The results for wave velocities P (Vp) and for wave velocities S (Vs) agree with low Vp/Vs values in the lower crust. These new geophysical determinations are consistent with a lower crust of a higher increase in Vs in comparison with the lower increase observed in Vp, and a lack of seismicity. All together, these results agree with a mafic probably partially eclogitized lower crust. The high Vp/Vs ratio for the upper crustal levels would indicate a higher fracturation of the Cuyania terrane consistent with a decrease in Vs values and earthquake generation in comparison with deeper crustal levels. This best model enables to fit the both the P and S wave travel times, and thus allow improving accuracy of earthquake locations with epicenters within the region of study. Since this study uses a densification of arrival P and S wave phases from crustal earthquakes located under the eastern part of the Andean Precordillera and the Western Sierras Pampeanas, results represent an indistinguishable basement that corresponds to the integrated Cuyania terrane.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[corteza andina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[basamento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[velocidad sísmica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[inversión de tiempos de viaje]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ondas P]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ondas S]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Andean crust]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[basement]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[seismic velocity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[travel time inversion]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[P waves]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[S waves]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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