<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0187-7380</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista fitotecnia mexicana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. fitotec. mex]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0187-7380</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Fitogenética A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0187-73802023000200187</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35196/rfm.2023.2.187</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Efecto de aluminio y pH sobre el desarrollo y pigmentación floral de Hydrangea macrophylla mediante redes neuronales artificiales]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Effect of aluminum and pH on floral development and pigmentation of Hydrangea macrophylla through artificial neural networks]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ibañez-Barboza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María de Jesús]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Livera-Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carrillo-Salazar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Alfredo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arévalo-Galarza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ma. De Lourdes]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sandoval-Villa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Camacho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,aff1  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,aff2  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,aff3  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>187</fpage>
<lpage>194</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0187-73802023000200187&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0187-73802023000200187&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0187-73802023000200187&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN En hortensia (Hydrangea macrophylla), el color de las inflorescencias cambia con su desarrollo y efecto de diversos factores. En esta investigación se determinó el efecto de dos estados de desarrollo floral (Fresh, Antique), cuatro dosis de Al2(SO4)3 y dos pH (4.5, 6.0), en el color de los floretes de dos cultivares de hortencia: rosa (TolR) y azul (TolA). Se utilizó un clasificador creado con redes neuronales artificiales (RNA) y como variables de entrada se utilizó el modelo RGB (rojo, verde, azul) y de salida cuatro clases de color: azul, rosa, café y verde. Se calculó superficie por clase de color (SCC, %), frecuencia del grupo de color dominante (FCD, %), luminosidad (CIE L*) y croma (C*). La superficie rosa fue la clase dominante en ambos cultivares en estado Fresh con 8.5 % (pH 4.5) y 13 % (pH 6.0) y mayor superficie en TolR que en TolA, mientras que las clases verde (TolA) y café (TolR) obtuvieron mayor superficie (85 %) en estado Antique sin efecto por dosis de Al2(SO4)3 o pH. Al aplicar 1 g L-1 de Al2(SO4)3 en TolA, el grupo de color (carta RHS) con mayor FCD cambió de púrpura-violeta a rojo-púrpura bajo pH 6.0 en estado Fresh y de verdeamarillento a marrón-grisáceo con pH 4.5 en estado Antique. La variación en color fue debida principalmente al cultivar y estado de desarrollo floral.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[SUMMARY In hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla), the color of inflorescences changes with development and effect of various factors. In this study, the effect of two stages of floral development (Fresh, Antique), four doses of Al2(SO4)3 and two pH (4.5, 6.0) on the color of the florets of two hydrangea cultivars: pink (TolR) and blue (TolA) was determined. A methodology with image analysis and artificial neural networks (ANN) was used to determine numerically color changes. A classifier created with artificial neural networks (ANN) was used; the RGB (red, green, blue) system was used as input variables and four color classes: blue, pink, brown and green were used as output. The variables calculated were surface by color class (SCC, %), frequency of the dominant color group (FCD, %), luminosity (CIE L*) and chroma (C*). The pink surface was the dominant class in both cultivars in the Fresh state with 8.5 % (pH 4.5) and 13 % (pH 6.0) and greater surface in TolR than in TolA, while the green (TolA) and brown (TolR) classes obtained greater surface (85%) in Antique state with no effect by dose of Al2(SO4)3 or pH. When applying 1 g L-1 of Al2(SO4)3 in TolA, the color group (RHS chart) with the highest CDF changed from purple-violet to red-purple under pH 6.0 in the Fresh state and from yellowish-green to greyish-brown with pH 4.5 in Antique state. The color variation was mainly due to the cultivar and floral development stage.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Hydrangea macrophylla]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[análisis de imágenes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[redes neuronales artificiales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[variables de color]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Hydrangea macrophylla]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[artificial neural networks]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[color variables]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[image analysis]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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