<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0187-6236</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Atmósfera]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Atmósfera]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0187-6236</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0187-62362025000100020</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20937/atm.53491</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The influence of rainfall on the extinction coefficient and the meteorological optical range]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montero-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guillermo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>39</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0187-62362025000100020&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0187-62362025000100020&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0187-62362025000100020&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The meteorological optical range (MOR) is an objective parameter for assessing atmospheric visibility. Data collected using optical disdrometers (PWS100) were used to analyze MOR estimates when extreme rainfalls occurred at two locations in Mexico: Chamela, on the Pacific coast, and Juriquilla, a continental sampling site. The performance of the disdrometer for rainfall estimation was found to be consistent and satisfactory when compared to rain gauges. Analyses based on rainfall rate (R) outcomes from tipping bucket rain gauge data showed that MOR measurements registered the most significant decreases during periods of highest R. The assessed coefficients for the extinction coefficient (&#963;) and R power-adjusted relationships are comparable to those obtained in previous studies, and the statistical performance of the fitted equations in modeling &#963; values is excellent. The equation coefficients for these mathematical expressions indicate that precipitation at the sampling sites is initiated from mixed (Bergeron-type) clouds, and it can be inferred that mixed-phase thunderstorms were predominant at the sampling sites during the chosen periods. Our findings indicate that MOR and &#963; are closely related to the large raindrop proliferation and the broadening of the raindrop size distribution (inferred from the increase of the median volume diameter). Despite the underestimation of small raindrops by the optical disdrometer, this study demonstrates the reliability of MOR estimates obtained with the PWS100 during rainfall events.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN El rango óptico meteorológico (MOR, por sus siglas en inglés) es un parámetro objetivo para evaluar la visibilidad atmosférica. Datos obtenidos con disdrómetros ópticos (PWS100) fueron utilizados para analizar las mediciones del MOR durante eventos con lluvias extremas en dos lugares de México: Chamela, en la costa del Pacífico, y Juriquilla, un sitio de muestreo continental. El rendimiento del disdrómetro para la estimación de las precipitaciones fue consistente y satisfactorio comparado con los pluviómetros de balancín. Los análisis basados en la estimación de intensidad de precipitación (R) de los datos pluviométricos muestran que las disminuciones más significativas de MOR ocurrieron durante los períodos de mayor intensidad. Los valores estimados para los ajustes de ecuaciones de ley de potencia para el coeficiente de extinción (&#963;) y R son comparables con los obtenidos en estudios anteriores y tienen un excelente rendimiento estadístico para modelar los valores de &#963;. Los coeficientes de estas expresiones matemáticas indican que la precipitación en los sitios de muestreo se inicia a partir de nubes mixtas (tipo Bergeron) y puede inferirse que en los sitios de muestreo predominaron las tormentas eléctricas durante los periodos elegidos para este estudio. Nuestros hallazgos indican que el MOR y &#963; están estrechamente relacionados con la proliferación de gotas de lluvia grandes y el ensanchamiento de la distribución por tamaños de gotas (inferido por el aumento del diámetro volumétrico medio). A pesar de la subestimación de la abundancia de las gotas de lluvia pequeñas por el disdrómetro óptico, este estudio demuestra la fiabilidad de las estimaciones de MOR obtenidas con el PWS100 durante eventos de lluvia.]]></p></abstract>
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<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[atmospheric visibility]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[PWS100]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[heavy rainfall]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mexico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[statistical performance evaluation]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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