<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0187-5779</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Terra Latinoamericana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Terra Latinoam]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0187-5779</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de la Ciencia del Suelo A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0187-57792013000400167</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Caracterización de las sequías hidrológicas en la cuenca del río Bravo, México]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Hydrological drought characterization in the Rio Grande basin, Mexico]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortega-Gaucin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto del Agua del Estado de Nuevo León  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Nuevo León]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>167</fpage>
<lpage>180</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0187-57792013000400167&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0187-57792013000400167&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0187-57792013000400167&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: En el presente trabajo se realizó la caracterización de los períodos de sequía hidrológica registrados históricamente en la sección mexicana de la cuenca del río Bravo, con el objeto de proporcionar un panorama amplio del fenómeno, que sirva de base para la adecuada planeación y manejo de los recursos hídricos superficiales en la cuenca. Para ello, se analizaron las aportaciones de agua a las presas de almacenamiento que se ubican en los principales afluentes mexicanos de este río. A partir de series históricas de datos hidrométricos, se estableció la mediana de los escurrimientos y, con base en esa mediana, se determinó el déficit o incremento, lo cual a su vez permite definir la duración y severidad de los períodos de sequía. Los resultados indican que en más del 50% de los años analizados se presentó algún grado de sequía, con aportaciones inferiores a la mediana histórica de hasta -91%, y períodos secos que van de uno a 14 años consecutivos. Se concluyó que en la mayor parte de la cuenca ocurrió un período de sequía extraordinaria que se extendió prácticamente a lo largo de 14 años (1992-2005), fue el más severo y prolongado del cual se tiene registro.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: This paper presents the characterization of hydrological drought periods that have been historically recorded for the Mexican section of the Rio Grande basin, with the purpose of providing a comprehensive picture of the phenomenon, one that will serve as a basis for the proper planning and management of surface water resources in the basin. To do this, we analyze the water contributions to the storage dams located on the main Mexican tributaries of this river. On the basis of the historical series of hydrometric data, establishing the median runoff and, based on that median, the deficit or increase is determined, allowing definition of the duration and severity of drought periods. The results indicate that more than 50% of the analyzed years had a certain degree of drought, with contributions lower than the historical median decreasing up to -91%, and drought periods ranging from one to fourteen consecutive years. It is concluded that in most of the basin an extraordinary drought period occurred, lasting 14 years (1992-2005), its most severe and prolonged recorded drought.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[déficit hídrico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[río]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[presa de almacenamiento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[distrito de riego]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[water deficit]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[river]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[storage damp]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[irrigation district]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Approche agroclimatique de la sécheresse agricole au Maroc]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barakat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Handoufe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sécheresse]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>201-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Caractésisation de la sécheresse météorologique et hydrologique: Cas du bassin versant de Siliana en Tunisie]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bergaoui]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alouini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sécheresse]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<page-range>205-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La sécheresse et l&#8217;agriculture canadienne: une revue des moyens d&#8217;action]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bootsma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. J. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boisvert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sécheresse]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>277-85</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bordi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sutera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Drought monitoring and forecasting at large scale]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rossi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vega]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brunella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Methods and tools for drought analysis and management]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<page-range>3-27</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Dordrecht, The Netherlands ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Springer]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Comisión Internacional de Límites y Aguas entre México y los Estados Unidos de América</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Cumbre binacional del río Bravo]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[McAllen, Texas, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CILA]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Comisión Internacional de Límites y Aguas entre México y los Estados Unidos de América</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Informe anual 2008]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cd. Juárez, Chihuahua, México ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Comisión Internacional de Límites y Aguas entre México y los Estados Unidos de América</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Cumbre binacional de saneamiento fronterizo y calidad del agua]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[San Antonio, Texas, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CILA]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Comisión Internacional de Límites y Aguas entre México y los Estados Unidos de América</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Cumbre binacional de recursos hídricos en la frontera]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cd. Juárez, Chihuahua, México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CILA]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Colegio de Postgraduados</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Estudio y balance sobre la disponibilidad y demanda de agua en el río Bravo]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Reynosa, Tamaulipas, México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociaciones de Usuarios del Distrito de Riego Bajo Río Bravo]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Comisión Nacional del Agua</collab>
<source><![CDATA[La cuenca del río Bravo y el Tratado Internacional de Aguas de 1944]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México, D.F. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CONAGUA]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Distribution of the Waters of the Rio Grande between Mexico and the United States in the Fort Quitman-Ciudad Juarez Area]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escobedo S.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez E.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Frontera Norte]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<page-range>133-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Florescano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Breve historia de la sequía en México]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México, D. F. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Conaculta]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fournier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[L&#8217;eau dans les villes d&#8217;Amérique Latine - Inégalités sociales et concurrences des usages]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris, Francia ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gill]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Las grandes sequías mayas: Agua, vida y muerte]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México, D. F. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Cultura Económica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hidore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Global environmental change: It &#769;s nature and impact]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Prentice Hall]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lehmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Testing statistical hypotheses]]></source>
<year>1986</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York, NY, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Springer]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La sequía en la cuenca del río Bravo: principios de política]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Linares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Gaceta Ecol.]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>70</volume>
<page-range>57-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of a hydrological drought index]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nalbantis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Eur. Water]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>23/24</volume>
<page-range>67-77</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McKee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Doesken]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kleist]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The relationship of drought frecuency and duration to time scales]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 8thConference on Applied Climatology]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Anaheim, CA, USA </conf-loc>
<page-range>233-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Modelo de optimización de recursos para un distrito de riego]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortega-Gaucin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mejía]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palacios]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rendón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Terra Latinoamericana]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<page-range>219-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortega-Gaucin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Impacto socio-económico de la sequía en un distrito de riego: estrategias para mitigarlo]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Saarbrücken, Alemania ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Académica Española]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seavoy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Famine in peasant societies]]></source>
<year>1986</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York, NY, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Greenwood Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sequía, un problema de perspectiva y gestión]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velasco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ochoa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Reg. Soc.]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<page-range>35-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Understanding the drought phenomenon: the role of definitions]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilhite]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Glantz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Water Internat.]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>111-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Drought planning: A process for State Government]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilhite]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Water Resour. Bull.]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<page-range>29-38</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilhite]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Drought as a natural hazard: Concepts and definitions]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilhite]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Drought: A global assessment]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>I</volume>
<page-range>1-18</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[NY, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
