<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0185-1918</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de ciencias políticas y sociales]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. cienc. polít. soc]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0185-1918</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0185-19182025000100129</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/fcpys.2448492xe.2025.253.81553</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The Silk Road in Space? China, Strategic Restraint and Space Security]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[¿La ruta espacial de la seda? China, moderación estratégica y seguridad espacial]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosas González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Cristina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,UNAM Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>70</volume>
<numero>253</numero>
<fpage>129</fpage>
<lpage>159</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0185-19182025000100129&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0185-19182025000100129&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0185-19182025000100129&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT This article analyzes the entry of the People&#8217;s Republic of China into the space race and the short time it has required to become a space power compared to the Soviet Union and the United States. Unlike Washington and Moscow, however, China&#8217;s space developments have proceeded without the strategic restraint required to mitigate their impact. As a result, its activities are highly polluting, generating space debris, threatening space and international security by testing directed-energy weapons, and expanding its influence within the space agendas of several developing countries. Throughout the space race, the United States and the Soviet Union/Russia have agreed to certain rules limiting militarization and promoting the sustainability of space activities. While current geopolitical tensions between Washington and Moscow hinder effective governance of outer space, the People&#8217;s Republic of China has a disruptive effect on space security by prioritizing its national interests without fully considering the regulatory framework of space law.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN En el presente artículo se analiza la incursión de la República Popular China a la carrera espacial y el corto tiempo que -en comparación con la Unión Soviética y Estados Unidos- ha requerido para convertirse en potencia espacial. Sin embargo, a diferencia de Washington y Moscú, los desarrollos espaciales chinos han procedido sin la moderación estratégica requerida, de manera que sus actividades son altamente contaminantes, generan basura espacial, amenazan a la seguridad espacial e internacional con el ensayo de armas de energía dirigida y, además, se posiciona en las agendas espaciales de diversos países en desarrollo, donde reafirma su presencia. Estados Unidos y la Unión Soviética/Rusia, a lo largo de la carrera espacial, han aceptado reglas para limitar la militarización y buscar la sostenibilidad de las actividades espaciales. Si bien hoy las tensiones geopolíticas entre Washington y Moscú impiden una cabal gobernanza del espacio ultraterrestre, la República Popular China tiene un efecto disruptivo en la seguridad espacial al hacer prevalecer sus intereses nacionales sin considerar la normatividad del derecho espacial.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[space security]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[People&#8217;s Republic of China]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Russia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[United States]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[strategic moderation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Chinese space program]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[seguridad espacial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[República Popular China]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Rusia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Estados Unidos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[moderación estratégica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[programa espacial chino]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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