<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0035-0052</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de pediatría]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. pediatr.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0035-0052</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Pediatría A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0035-00522023000400132</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35366/114761</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Incidencia de hipercloremia e hipernatremia y su asociación con lesión renal aguda y mortalidad en niños en estado crítico]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Incidence of hyperchloremia and hypernatremia and their association with acute kidney injury and mortality in critically ill children]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jesús Javier]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bañuelos-Macías]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernanda Alheli]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León-Sicairos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nidia Maribel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Canizalez-Román]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adrián]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa Facultad de Medicina Centro de Investigación Aplicada a la Salud Pública]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa Centro de Investigación Aplicada a la Salud Pública Facultad de Medicina]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Pediátrico de Sinaloa &#8220;Dr. Rigoberto Aguilar Pico&#8221; Departamento de Investigación ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Secretaría de Salud Hospital de la Mujer Departamento de Investigación]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Culiacán Sinaloa]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>90</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>132</fpage>
<lpage>138</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0035-00522023000400132&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0035-00522023000400132&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0035-00522023000400132&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Introducción:  la hipercloremia e hipernatremia son complicaciones frecuentes en niños en estado crítico y se han asociado con el desarrollo de lesión renal aguda (LRA) y mortalidad.  Objetivo:  estimar la incidencia de hipercloremia e hipernatremia durante las primeras 72 horas de ingreso a la unidad de terapia intensiva pediátrica (UTIP) y evaluar su asociación con LRA y mortalidad.  Material y métodos:  estudio de una cohorte prospectiva y analítica, realizado durante un periodo de 15 meses. Se excluyeron a pacientes con trastornos en niveles plasmáticos de cloro (Cl-) y sodio (Na+) o LRA al momento de su ingreso. Los valores &gt; 110 mEq/L de Cl- y &gt; 145 mEq/L de Na+ fueron considerados como hipercloremia e hipernatremia, respectivamente. Se calculó un tamaño de la muestra de 255 pacientes. Análisis estadístico. Se calculó Odds Ratio (OR) e intervalos de confianza a 95% (IC 95%), para análisis bivariado y multivariado.  Resultados:  en 241 pacientes, la incidencia de hipercloremia fue de 12.4% (n = 30) y de hipernatremia de 18.6% (n = 45). La frecuencia de LRA fue de 35.6%, y la mortalidad de 14.1%. En análisis de regresión logística, la hipernatremia se asoció con LRA (OR 2.7, IC 95% 1.3-5.7, p &lt; 0.006), pero no con la mortalidad. Mientras que la hipercloremia no se identificó como de riesgo para LRA o muerte.  Conclusiones:  la hipercloremia e hipernatremia son frecuentes en pacientes pediátricos en estado crítico, pero solo la hipernatremia parece conferir mayor riesgo de complicaciones.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:  Introduction:  hyperchloremia and hypernatremia are common complications in critically ill children and have been associated with the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) and mortality.  Objective:  to estimate the incidence of hyperchloremia and hypernatremia during the first 72 hours of admission to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), and to evaluate their association with AKI and mortality.  Material and methods:  prospective cohort study, conducted over a period of 15 months. Patients with disorders in plasma levels of chloride (Cl-) or sodium (Na+), as well as with AKI at the time of admission, were excluded. Values &gt; 110 mEq/L Cl- and &gt; 145 mEq/L Na+ were considered as hyperchloremia and hypernatremia, respectively. A sample size of 255 patients was calculated. Statistical analysis. Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated for bivariate and multivariate analyses.  Results:  among 241 patients, the incidence of hyperchloremia was 12.4% (n = 30), and of hypernatremia 18.6% (n = 45). The frequency of AKI was 35.6%, and mortality was 14.1%. In logistic regression analysis, hypernatremia was associated with AKI (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.3-5.7, p &lt; 0.006), but not with mortality. While hyperchloremia was not identified as a risk for AKI or death.  Conclusions:  hyperchloremia and hypernatremia are common in critically ill pediatric patients, but only hypernatremia seems to confer a higher risk of complications.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hipercloremia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hipernatremia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[lesión renal aguda]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[pronóstico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[mortalidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hyperchloremia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hypernatremia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[acute kidney injury]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[prognosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mortality]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pfortmuelle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Uehlinger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Von Haehling]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schefold]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Serum chloride levels in critical illness-the hidden story]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Intensive Care Med Exp]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>1-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barhight]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brinton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soranno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Faubel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mourani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gist]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of hyperchloremia on renal recovery in critically ill children with acute kidney injury]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatr Nephrol]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<page-range>1331-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kirabo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A new paradigm of sodium regulation in inflammation and hypertension]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>313</volume>
<page-range>706-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toyonaga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kikura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hyperchloremic acidosis is associated with acute kidney injury after abdominal surgery]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nephrology]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<page-range>720-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Linder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Funk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schwarz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kneidinger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaider]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schneeweiss]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hypernatremia in the critically ill is an independent risk factor for mortality]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Kidney Dis]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>50</volume>
<page-range>952-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kimura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matsumoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Association of serum chloride concentration with outcomes in postoperative critically ill patients: a retrospective observational study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Intensive Care]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>1-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berend]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Hulsteijn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RO]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chloride: the queen of electrolytes?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Intern Med]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<page-range>203-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bandak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kashani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chloride in intensive care units: a key electrolyte]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[F1000 Research]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>1930</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hayes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ab normal saline in abnormal kidney function: risks and alternatives]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatr Nephrol]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<page-range>1191-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lindner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Funk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hypernatremia in critically ill patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Crit Care]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>216.e11-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Filis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vasileiadis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koutsoukou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hyperchloraemia in sepsis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Intensive Care]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Viñas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manrique]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Herce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hipercloremia e hypernatremia en niños en estado crítico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Med Intensiva]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>e59-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lombardi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferraro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bargagli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Naticchia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[D&#8217;Alonzo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gambaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hyperchloremia and acute kidney injury: a retrospective observational cohort study on a general mixed medical?surgical not ICU? hospitalized population]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Intern Emerg Med]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<page-range>273-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kellum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lameire]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Group]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KAGW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diagnosis, evaluation, and management of acute kidney injury: A KDIGO summary (Part 1)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Crit Care]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<page-range>204</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stenson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cvijanovich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NZ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thomas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bigham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hyperchloremia is associated with complicated course and mortality in pediatric patients with septic shock]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatr Crit Care Med]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<page-range>155-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Donoghue]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DO]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dulhunty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bandeshe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Senthuran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gowardman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Acquired hypernatraemia is an independent predictor of mortality in critically ill patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anaesthesia]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>64</volume>
<page-range>514-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Neyra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Canepa-Escaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manllo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adams-Huet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yessayan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Association of hyperchloremia with hospital mortality in critically ill septic patients]]></article-title>
<collab>Acute Kidney Injury in Critical Illness Study Group</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Crit Care Med]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>43</volume>
<page-range>1938-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suetrong B , Pisitsak C , Boyd]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Russell JA , Walley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hyperchloremia and moderate increase in serum chloride are associated with acute kidney injury in severe sepsis and septic shock patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Crit Care]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<page-range>315</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Vasconcellos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Skinner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hyperchloraemia is associated with acute kidney injury and mortality in the critically ill: a retrospective observational study in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Crit Care]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<page-range>45-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Noritomi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soriano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kellum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cappi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Biselli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liborio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Park]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Metabolic acidosis in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock: a longitudinal quantitative study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Crit Care Med]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<page-range>2733-273</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
