<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0035-001X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de física]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fis.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0035-001X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Física]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0035-001X2015000400010</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Sistema de microscopía de fuerza atómica basada en una unidad de lectura óptica digital y un escáner-zumbador]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dabirian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Reza]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Wei-Min]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A03"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A04"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Loza Matovelle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hwu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[En-Te]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A03"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas Escuela Politécnica del Ejército Departamento de Ciencias de la Energía y Mecánica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Sangolquí ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Escuela Politécnica Nacional Departamento de Materiales Laboratorio de Nuevos Materiales]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Quito Pichincha]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A03">
<institution><![CDATA[,Academia Sinica Institute of Physics ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Taipei ]]></addr-line>
<country>Taiwán</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A04">
<institution><![CDATA[,National Taiwan University Department of Mechanical Engineering ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Taipei ]]></addr-line>
<country>Taiwán</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>61</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>238</fpage>
<lpage>244</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0035-001X2015000400010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0035-001X2015000400010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0035-001X2015000400010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[En este artículo se presenta un sistema de detección astigmático (ADS), basada en una unidad de lectura (óptica digital (OPU) del disco compacto (CD/DVD). Este sistema de detección astigmático puede alcanzar una resolución mejor que 0.3 nm en la detección del desplazamiento vertical y se puede detectar la inclinación angular de dos dimensiones de la superficie del objeto. También, se ha presentado un novedoso diseño para un escáner-zumbador. El escáner se compone de una estructura de accionamiento de cuatro-barras y varios zumbadores piezoeléctricos de disco. El escáner-zumbador se puede accionar con voltajes bajos como los de las tarjetas de adquisición de datos (DAQ) y permite un alcance de barrido suficiente de hasta 15 &#956;m. Por lo tanto, el costo de construir un AFM puede reducirse significativamente juntando las dos técnicas. A partir de las dos técnicas anteriores, se construyó un AFM económico de alto rendimiento, utilizando el escáner-zumbador para mover la muestra y un OPU para detectar la resonancia mecánica de un cantiléver microfabricado. Evaluamos el desempeño del AFM. La alta sensibilidad y gran ancho de banda del sistema de detección hace que el equipo sea apropiado para la caracterización de elementos a escala nanométrica. Un AFM usando nuestro sistema de detección para detectar la deflexión del cantilever microfabricado, puede resolver pasos atómicos individuales en superficies de grafito.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[An astigmatic detection system (ADS) based on a compact disk/digital-versatile-disk (CD/DVD) astigmatic optical pickup unit (OPU) is presented. It can achieve a resolution better than 0.3 nm in detection of the vertical displacement and is able to detect the two-dimensional angular tilt of the object surface. Furthermore, a novel scanner design actuated by piezoelectric disk buzzers is presented. The scanner is composed of a quad-rod actuation structure and several piezoelectric disks. It can be driven directly with low-voltage and low-current sources, such as analogue outputs of a data acquisition (DAQ) card and enables a sufficient scanning range of up to 15 &#956;m. In addition, an economic, high-performance streamlined atomic force microscope (AFM) was constructed, using the buzzer-scanner to move the sample relative to the probe, and using a CD/DVD OPU to detect the mechanical resonance of a microfabricated cantilever. The performance of the AFM is evaluated. The high sensitivity and high bandwidth of the detection system makes the equipment suitable for characterizing nanoscale elements. An AFM using our detection system for detecting the deflection of microfabricated cantilevers can resolve individual atomic steps on graphite surfaces.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Microscopía de fuerza atómica (AFM)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[nano-metrología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[unidad lectura digital de DVD]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[escáner-zumbador]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Atomic force microscopy (AFM)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nano metrology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[optical DVD pick-up head]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[buzzer-scanner]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Instrumentaci&oacute;n</font></p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Sistema de microscop&iacute;a de fuerza at&oacute;mica basada en una unidad de lectura &oacute;ptica digital y un esc&aacute;ner&#45;zumbador</b></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Reza Dabirian<sup>a,b</sup>, Wei&#45;Min Wang<sup>c,d</sup>, David Loza Matovelle&ordf; y En&#45;Te Hwu<sup>c,</sup>*</b></font></p> 	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"> <i>&ordf; Departamento de Ciencias de la Energ&iacute;a y Mec&aacute;nica, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas&#45;ESPE, Sangolqu&iacute;, Ecuador. </i></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>b </sup>Laboratorio de Nuevos Materiales, Departamento de Materiales, Escuela Polit&eacute;cnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador.</i></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i> <sup>c</sup> Institute of Physics, Academia S&iacute;nica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan. * </i>e&#45;mail: <a href="mailto:whoand@gmail.com">whoand@gmail.com</a> </font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>d</sup> Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Received 10 March 2015.     <br> Accepted 14 April 2015.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">En este art&iacute;culo se presenta un sistema de detecci&oacute;n astigm&aacute;tico (ADS), basada en una unidad de lectura (&oacute;ptica digital (OPU) del disco compacto (CD/DVD). Este sistema de detecci&oacute;n astigm&aacute;tico puede alcanzar una resoluci&oacute;n mejor que 0.3 nm en la detecci&oacute;n del desplazamiento vertical y se puede detectar la inclinaci&oacute;n angular de dos dimensiones de la superficie del objeto. Tambi&eacute;n, se ha presentado un novedoso dise&ntilde;o para un esc&aacute;ner&#45;zumbador. El esc&aacute;ner se compone de una estructura de accionamiento de cuatro&#45;barras y varios zumbadores piezoel&eacute;ctricos de disco. El esc&aacute;ner&#45;zumbador se puede accionar con voltajes bajos como los de las tarjetas de adquisici&oacute;n de datos (DAQ) y permite un alcance de barrido suficiente de hasta 15 <i>&#956;</i>m<i>.</i> Por lo tanto, el costo de construir un AFM puede reducirse significativamente juntando las dos t&eacute;cnicas. A partir de las dos t&eacute;cnicas anteriores, se construy&oacute; un AFM econ&oacute;mico de alto rendimiento, utilizando el esc&aacute;ner&#45;zumbador para mover la muestra y un OPU para detectar la resonancia mec&aacute;nica de un cantil&eacute;ver microfabricado. Evaluamos el desempe&ntilde;o del AFM. La alta sensibilidad y gran ancho de banda del sistema de detecci&oacute;n hace que el equipo sea apropiado para la caracterizaci&oacute;n de elementos a escala nanom&eacute;trica. Un AFM usando nuestro sistema de detecci&oacute;n para detectar la deflexi&oacute;n del cantilever microfabricado, puede resolver pasos at&oacute;micos individuales en superficies de grafito.</font></p>      <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Palabras clave:</b> Microscop&iacute;a de fuerza at&oacute;mica (AFM); nano&#45;metrolog&iacute;a; unidad lectura digital de DVD; esc&aacute;ner&#45;zumbador.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p> 	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">An astigmatic detection system (ADS) based on a compact disk/digital&#45;versatile&#45;disk (CD/DVD) astigmatic optical pickup unit (OPU) is presented. It can achieve a resolution better than 0.3 nm in detection of the vertical displacement and is able to detect the two&#45;dimensional angular tilt of the object surface. Furthermore, a novel scanner design actuated by piezoelectric disk buzzers is presented. The scanner is composed of a quad&#45;rod actuation structure and several piezoelectric disks. It can be driven directly with low&#45;voltage and low&#45;current sources, such as analogue outputs of a data acquisition (DAQ) card and enables a sufficient scanning range of up to 15 <i>&#956;</i>m<i>.</i> In addition, an economic, high&#45;performance streamlined atomic force microscope (AFM) was constructed, using the buzzer&#45;scanner to move the sample relative to the probe, and using a CD/DVD OPU to detect the mechanical resonance of a microfabricated cantilever. The performance of the AFM is evaluated. The high sensitivity and high bandwidth of the detection system makes the equipment suitable for characterizing nanoscale elements. An AFM using our detection system for detecting the deflection of microfabricated cantilevers can resolve individual atomic steps on graphite surfaces.</font></p>      <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords:</b> Atomic force microscopy (AFM); nano metrology; optical DVD pick&#45;up head; buzzer&#45;scanner.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">PACS: 07.79.Lh; 68.37.Ps.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>    <p><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/rmf/v61n4/v61n4a10.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>     <p>&nbsp; </p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Agradecimientos</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Queremos agradecer al Str&#8709;mlingo DIY AFM de Str&#8709;mlinet Nano por su apoyo y al taller del Instituto de F&iacute;sica de la Academia S&iacute;nica por la construcci&oacute;n de las partes mec&aacute;nicas. Tambi&eacute;n queremos agradecer Topray Technologies Co. Ltd. por proveer las unidades de lectura &oacute;pticas de DVD y a Budgetsensors por proveer sondas de prueba de tipo contact&#45;G. El presente trabajo fue patrocinado por el National Science Council de Taiwan (MOST 103&#45;2627&#45;M&#45;001&#45;011) de la Academia S&iacute;nica y el Proyecto Prometeo de la Secretar&iacute;a de Educaci&oacute;n Superior, Ciencia, Tecnolog&iacute;a e Innovaci&oacute;n (SENESCYT) de la Rep&uacute;blica del Ecuador.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Referencias</b></font></p>      ]]></body>
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