<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0035-001X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de física]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fis.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0035-001X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Física]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0035-001X2007000700003</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Optical properties of Er-doped GaN]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castañeda López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seong-Il]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Kim]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Young-Hwan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Kim]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yong Tae]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Kim]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wakahara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Akihiro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A03"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chang-Sik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Son]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A04"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[In-Hoon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Choi]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A05"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[México ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,KIST Semiconductor Devices Laboratory ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Seoul ]]></addr-line>
<country>Korea</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A03">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Technology Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Toyohashi ]]></addr-line>
<country>Japan</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A04">
<institution><![CDATA[,Silla University Deparment of Photonics ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Busan ]]></addr-line>
<country>Korea</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A05">
<institution><![CDATA[,Korea University Department of Materials Science and Engineering ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Seoul ]]></addr-line>
<country>Korea</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>01</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>01</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>53</volume>
<fpage>9</fpage>
<lpage>12</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0035-001X2007000700003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0035-001X2007000700003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0035-001X2007000700003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Optical properties of Er (Erbium)-doped GaN epilayers have been investigated using photoluminescence (PL). Various doses of Er ions were implanted on GaN epilayers by ion implantation. Sharp visible green emission lines due to inner 4f shell transitions for Er3+ were observed from the PL spectrum of Er-implanted GaN. The emission spectrum consists of two narrow green lines at 537 and 558 nm. The green emission lines are identified as Er3+ transitions from the 5H11/2 and 4S3/2 levels to the 4I15/2 ground state. The stronger peaks in the 5 × 10 14 cm-2 sample, together with the relatively higher intensity of the Er3+ luminescence in the lower doped sample, imply that some damage remains in the 1 × 10(15) cm-2 sample. The peak positions of emission lines due to inner 4f shell transitions for Er3+ do not change with increasing temperature. This indicates that Er3+ related emission depends very little on the ambient temperature.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Las propiedades ópticas de epicapas de GaN dopadas con Er (erbium) se han investigado usando fotoluminiscencia (FL). Varias dosis de iones de Er se implantaron en epicapas de GaN por implantación de iones. Se observaron líneas claramente visibles de emisión verde debidas a la transición de la capa interna 4f para Er3+ del espectro de FL de GaN implantado con Er. El espectro de emisión consiste en dos líneas verdes delgadas a 537 y 558 nm. Las líneas de emisión verdes se identifican como transiciones del Er3+ de los niveles 5H11/2 y 4S3/2 al estado base 4I15/2; los picos más fuertes en la muestra de 5 × 1014 cm-2, junto con la intensidad relativamente más alta de la luminiscencia Er3+ en la muestra dopada inferior. Esto implica que aún permanece algún daño en la muestra de 1 × 1015 cm-2. Las posiciones pico de las líneas de emisión debidas a las transiciones internas 4f para Er3+ no cambian con la temperatura creciente. Esto indica que la emisión relacionada con Er3+ depende muy poco de la temperatura del ambiente.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[GaN]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[implantation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Er]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[photoluminescence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[GaN]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[implantación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Er]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fotoluminiscencia]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Optical properties of Er&#150;doped GaN</b></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>H. Casta&ntilde;eda L&oacute;pez<sup>a</sup>, Seong&#150;Il Kim<sup>b</sup>, Young&#150;Hwan Kim<sup>b</sup>,  Yong Tae Kim<sup>b</sup>, Akihiro Wakahara<sup>c</sup>, Chang&#150;Sik Son<sup>d</sup>, and In&#150;Hoon Choi<sup>e</sup></b></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b><i></i></b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>a</sup> Instituto Mexicano del Petr&oacute;leo, M&eacute;xico.</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>b</sup> Semiconductor Devices Laboratory, KIST, Seoul 136&#150;791, Korea.</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup>c</sup><i> Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, </i><i>Toyohashi 441&#150;8580, Japan.</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>d</sup> Deparment of Photonics, FIMM, Silla University, Busan 617&#150;736, Korea, e&#150;mail: <a href="mailto:csson@silla.ac.kr" target="_blank">csson@silla.ac.kr</a></i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup>e </sup><i>Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136&#150;701, Korea.</i></font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido el 9 de junio de 2006    <br>   Aceptado el 11 de septiembre de 2006</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Optical properties of Er (Erbium)&#150;doped GaN epilayers have been investigated using photoluminescence (PL). Various doses of Er ions were implanted on GaN epilayers by ion implantation. Sharp visible green emission lines due to inner 4f shell transitions for Er<sup>3+</sup> were observed from the PL spectrum of Er&#150;implanted GaN. The emission spectrum consists of two narrow green lines at 537 and 558 nm. The green emission lines are identified as Er<sup>3+</sup> transitions from the <sup>5</sup>H<sub>11/2</sub> and <sup>4</sup>S<sub>3/2</sub> levels to the <sup>4</sup>I<sub>15/2</sub> ground state. The stronger peaks in the 5 &times; 10 <sup>14</sup> cm<sup>&#150;2</sup> sample, together with the relatively higher intensity of the Er<sup>3+</sup> luminescence in the lower doped sample, imply that some damage remains in the 1 &times; 10<sup>15</sup> cm<sup>&#150;2</sup> sample. The peak positions of emission lines due to inner 4f shell transitions for Er<sup>3+</sup> do not change with increasing temperature. This indicates that Er<sup>3+</sup> related emission depends very little on the ambient temperature.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords: </b>GaN; implantation; Er; photoluminescence.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Las propiedades &oacute;pticas de epicapas de GaN dopadas con Er (erbium) se han investigado usando fotoluminiscencia (FL). Varias dosis de iones de Er se implantaron en epicapas de GaN por implantaci&oacute;n de iones. Se observaron l&iacute;neas claramente visibles de emisi&oacute;n verde debidas a la transici&oacute;n de la capa interna 4f para Er<sup>3+</sup> del espectro de FL de GaN implantado con Er. El espectro de emisi&oacute;n consiste en dos l&iacute;neas verdes delgadas a 537 y 558 nm. Las l&iacute;neas de emisi&oacute;n verdes se identifican como transiciones del Er<sup>3+</sup> de los niveles 5H11/2 y 4S3/2 al estado base 4I15/2; los picos m&aacute;s fuertes en la muestra de 5 &times; 1014 cm<sup>&#150;2</sup>, junto con la intensidad relativamente m&aacute;s alta de la luminiscencia Er<sup>3+</sup> en la muestra dopada inferior. Esto implica que a&uacute;n permanece alg&uacute;n da&ntilde;o en la muestra de 1 &times; 1015 cm<sup>&#150;2</sup>. Las posiciones pico de las l&iacute;neas de emisi&oacute;n debidas a las transiciones internas 4f para Er<sup>3+</sup> no cambian con la temperatura creciente. Esto indica que la emisi&oacute;n relacionada con Er<sup>3+</sup> depende muy poco de la temperatura del ambiente.</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Descriptores: </b>GaN; implantaci&oacute;n; Er; fotoluminiscencia. </font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">PACS:  78.55.&#150;m</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/rmf/v53s1/v53s1a3.pdf">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Acknowledgement</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">This work is supported in part by International Science and Technology Cooperation Programs of KISTEP (M6&#150;0302&#150;01&#150;0003/03&#150;A01&#150;03&#150;003&#150;10).</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>References</b></font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">1. Z. Li, H. Bang, G. Piao, J. Sawahata, and K. Akimoto, <i>J. Crystal Growth </i><b>240 </b>(2002) 382.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8336012&pid=S0035-001X200700070000300001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">2. D.S. Lee and A.J. Steckl, <i>Appl. Phys. Lett. </i><b>82 </b>(1999) 55.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8336013&pid=S0035-001X200700070000300002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">3. J. Heikenfeld, M. Garter, D.S. Lee, R. Birkhahn, and A.J. Steckl,<i> Appl. Phys. Lett. </i><b>75</b> (1999) 1189.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8336014&pid=S0035-001X200700070000300003&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">4. A.J.   Steckl,  M.  Garter,  D.S.  Lee,   J.  Heikenfeld,   and R. Birkhahn, <i>Appl. Phys. Lett. </i><b>75</b> (1999) 2184.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8336015&pid=S0035-001X200700070000300004&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">5. J.B.  Gruber,  B.  Zandi,  H.J.  Lozykowski,   and W.M.  Jadwisienczak, <i>J. Appl. Phys. </i><b>91</b> (2002) 2929.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8336016&pid=S0035-001X200700070000300005&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">6. T. Monterio <i>et al.</i>, <i>Phys. B </i><b>308 </b>(2001) 22.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8336017&pid=S0035-001X200700070000300006&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">7. J.T. Torvik, R.J. Feuerstein, C.H. Qiu, J.I. Pankove, and F. Namavar, <i>J. Appl. Phys. </i><b>82 </b>(1997) 1824.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8336018&pid=S0035-001X200700070000300007&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">8. J. Heikenfeld and A J. Steckl, <i>Appl. Phys. Lett. <b>77</b> </i>(2000) 3520.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8336019&pid=S0035-001X200700070000300008&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">9. J.M. Zavada <i>et al., Mat. Sci. Eng. B </i><b>81</b> (2001) 127.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8336020&pid=S0035-001X200700070000300009&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">10. S. Kim <i>et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. </i><b>71</b> (1997) 231.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8336021&pid=S0035-001X200700070000300010&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">11. H.J. lozykowski, <i>Phys. Rev. B </i><b>48 </b>(1993) 17758.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8336022&pid=S0035-001X200700070000300011&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --> ]]></body><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sawahata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akimoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Crystal Growth]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<numero>240</numero>
<issue>240</issue>
<page-range>382</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steckl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Appl. Phys. Lett]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<numero>82</numero>
<issue>82</issue>
<page-range>55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heikenfeld]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Birkhahn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steckl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Appl. Phys. Lett]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<numero>75</numero>
<issue>75</issue>
<page-range>1189</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steckl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heikenfeld]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Birkhahn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Appl. Phys. Lett]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<numero>75</numero>
<issue>75</issue>
<page-range>2184</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gruber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zandi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lozykowski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jadwisienczak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Appl. Phys]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<numero>91</numero>
<issue>91</issue>
<page-range>2929</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monterio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<numero>B 308</numero>
<issue>B 308</issue>
<page-range>22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torvik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feuerstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Qiu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pankove]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Namavar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Appl. Phys]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<numero>82</numero>
<issue>82</issue>
<page-range>1824</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heikenfeld]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steckl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Appl. Phys. Lett]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<numero>77</numero>
<issue>77</issue>
<page-range>3520</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zavada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mat. Sci. Eng]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<numero>B 81</numero>
<issue>B 81</issue>
<page-range>127</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Appl. Phys. Lett]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<numero>71</numero>
<issue>71</issue>
<page-range>231</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[lozykowski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Rev]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<numero>B 48</numero>
<issue>B 48</issue>
<page-range>17758</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
