<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0028-3746</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Neumología y cirugía de tórax]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Neumol. cir. torax]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0028-3746</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Neumología y Cirugía de Tórax; Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas; Sociedad Cubana de Neumología; Sociedad Paraguaya de Neumología; Sociedad Boliviana de Neumología.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0028-37462021000200111</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35366/100992</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Comparación entre traqueostomía percutánea y quirúrgica, experiencia en un centro hospitalario de la Ciudad de México]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Comparison between percutaneous and surgical tracheostomy, a single-center experience in Mexico City]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Salas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alan de Jesús]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santillán-Doherty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Patricio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guzmán-Cedillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Axel Edmundo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguirre-Mariscal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Héctor]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rivera-Saldana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rosa Emilia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Becerra-Aguilar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cázares-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vania]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Oñate]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ariel de Jesús]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital General «Dr. Manuel Gea González»  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Ángeles Pedregal  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Médico Nacional, Siglo XXI Hospital de Pediatría ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital General de México «Dr. Eduardo Liceaga»  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>80</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>111</fpage>
<lpage>117</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0028-37462021000200111&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0028-37462021000200111&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0028-37462021000200111&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Introducción:  La traqueostomía por técnica percutánea es una técnica de fácil realización, mínimas complicaciones y el estándar de oro en la mayoría de los países; sin embargo, en México aún no se utiliza de una manera amplia.  Objetivos:  Comparar la técnica percutánea y convencional de traqueostomía en un hospital general de la Ciudad de México.  Material y métodos:  Estudio retrospectivo mediante la revisión de expedientes clínicos de pacientes adultos, de ambos sexos, sometidos a traqueostomía por técnica percutánea y convencional entre los años 1998 y 2014 en un solo centro hospitalario. Se compararon ambas técnicas en cuanto a tiempo de procedimiento, desenlace quirúrgico, complicaciones, ventilación mecánica y hospitalización.  Resultados:  Se incluyeron 140 pacientes, 94 con técnica percutánea y 46 convencional, de los cuales 56.4 y 58.7%, respectivamente, el promedio de edad fue de 64 ± 17 (media ± error estándar de la media; M ± EEM) y 59 ± 17 años, respectivamente (p = 0.077); el tiempo promedio de procedimiento fue menor con la técnica de traqueostomía percutánea (TPC), 28 ± 5 (M ± DE) contra 48 ± 12 minutos, respectivamente; de las complicaciones presentadas 19.6% fueron en la técnica convencional (TC) contra 17% en la percutánea (TPC) (p = 0.815). La media de días de estancia hospitalaria fue 31 ± 5 (M ± EEM) del grupo TC contra 39 ± 5 del grupo TPC (p = 0.038); la estancia en unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) posterior a traqueostomía fue de 13 ± 3 del grupo TC contra 16 ± 5 del grupo de TPC (p = 0.038). El porcentaje de altas de UCI en los primeros 30 días posterior a la traqueostomía fue de 94.7% en el grupo TPC contra 82.6% en el grupo TC (p = 0.030).  Conclusiones:  La TPC presenta complicaciones similares a las de la TC; sin embargo, es una técnica que se puede realizar en la cama del paciente en la UCI sin necesidad de uso de quirófano, de forma segura y rápida. Encontramos diferencias entre ambas técnicas en favor de la TPC en términos de estancia hospitalaria y alta de UCI en los primeros 30 días después de la traqueostomía; no obstante, no podemos descartar que esto sea atribuible a las patologías de base de cada paciente.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:  Introduction:  Percutaneous tracheostomy is considered to be the gold standard technique for performing tracheostomy in most countries, it is an easy to learn technique and has a minimum of complications, however it is not widely used in Mexico.  Objectives:  To compare the percutaneous (TPC) and conventional tracheostomy (TC) techniques in a general hospital in Mexico.  Material and methods:  We performed a retrospective review study of the clinical records of all the patients that underwent a tracheostomy procedur between 1998 and 2014 in a single general hospital in Mexico. All tracheostomy procedures, with both precutaneous and conventional techniques, performed in adults, both female and male, were included. Surgical outcome, mechanical ventilation and hospital stay, were compared between both groups.  Results:  A hundred and forty patients were included, 94 with TPC and 46 with TC, 56.4 vs 58.7%, respectively. Average age was 64 ± 17 (age ± standard error of mean) and 59 ± 17 years, respectively (p=0.077). Average procedure time was inferior with percutaneous technique, 28 ± 5 vs 48 ± 12 minutes, respectively. Complications with the TPC technique were 19.6%, versus 17% with the TC group (p = 0.815). Hospital stay in the TPC group was 31 ± 5 (mean ± mean standard error), compared to 39 ± 5 days for TC technique (p = 0.038). ICU stay after tracheostomy for the TPC group was 16 ± 5 and 13 ± 3 in the TC technique (p = 0.038). ICU discharge within 30 days after tracheostomy was 94.7% in the TPC group against 82.6% in the TC group (p = 0.030).  Conclusions:  There is no difference regarding procedural complications between percutaneous tracheostomy technique and conventional tracheostomy, yet, TPC is an accesible, easy to learn and fast technique that holds several advantages; the differences between both techinques in terms of ICU, mechanical ventilation and hospital stay can be attributed to differences related to the different pathologies between both groups.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Traqueostomía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[traqueostomía percutánea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[traqueostomía por dilatación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[traqueostomía convencional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ventilación mecánica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Tracheostomy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[percutaneous tracheostomy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[dilational tracheostomy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[conventional tracheostomy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mechanical ventilation]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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