<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0016-3813</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Gaceta médica de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Gac. Méd. Méx]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0016-3813</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academia Nacional de Medicina de México A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0016-38132024000100010</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/gmm.23000089</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Factores de riesgo asociados a mortalidad por COVID-19 en México]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Risk factors associated with COVID-19 mortality in Mexico]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fomina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anna]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villa-Romero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García de la Torre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guadalupe S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tirado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Laura L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wong-Chew]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rosa M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Facultad de Medicina División de Investigación]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Ciudad de México]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Facultad de Medicina Departamento de Salud Pública]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Ciudad de México]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>160</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>10</fpage>
<lpage>18</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0016-38132024000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0016-38132024000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0016-38132024000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Antecedentes: El 31 de diciembre de 2019, se inició una de las pandemias más graves de los últimos tiempos. Se ha descrito que ciertas condiciones de salud, como la obesidad y la diabetes mellitus, están relacionadas con desenlaces desfavorables por COVID-19.  Objetivo: Identificar factores asociados a mortalidad en pacientes con COVID-19.  Material y métodos: Cohorte retrospectiva de 998 639 pacientes. Se analizaron las características sociodemográficas y clínicas de los pacientes, y se compararon supervivientes con fallecidos. Se utilizó el modelo de riesgos proporcionales de Cox para la identificación de variables predictivas de defunción por COVID-19.  Resultados: Entre los fallecidos, los hombres representaron 64.3 % y las mujeres 35.7 %, diferencia que resultó estadísticamente significativa. Las personas con más de 80 años presentaron un riesgo 13 veces mayor de morir por COVID-19 (IC 95 % = 12.469,13.586) y la enfermedad renal crónica, un riesgo de 1.5 (IC 95 % = 1.341, 1.798); la diabetes mellitus tuvo un riesgo de 1.25 (IC 95 % = 1.238,1.276).  Conclusiones: La edad, el sexo, la diabetes mellitus y la obesidad resultaron ser entidades predictivas de muerte por COVID-19. Se sugiere más investigación relacionada con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, enfermedades cardiovasculares, tabaquismo y embarazo.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: On December 31, 2019, one of the most serious pandemics in recent times made its appearance. Certain health conditions, such as obesity and diabetes mellitus, have been described to be related to COVID-19 unfavorable outcomes.  Objective: To identify factors associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19.  Material and methods: Retrospective cohort of 998,639 patients. Patient sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were analyzed, with survivors being compared with the deceased individuals. Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify variables predictive of COVID-19-associated mortality.  Results: Among the deceased patients, men accounted for 64.3%, and women, for 35.7%, with the difference being statistically significant. Subjects older than 80 years had a 13-fold higher risk of dying from COVID-19 (95% CI = 12,469, 13,586), while chronic kidney disease entailed a risk 1.5 times higher (95% CI = 1,341, 1,798), and diabetes mellitus involved a risk 1.25 times higher (95% CI = 1.238,1.276).  Conclusions: Age, sex, diabetes mellitus and obesity were found to be predictors of COVID-19 mortality. Further research related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular diseases, smoking and pregnancy is suggested.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Diabetes mellitus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enfermedad cardiovascular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enfermedad obstructiva crónica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enfermedad renal crónica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Obesidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Diabetes mellitus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cardiovascular disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Chronic kidney disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Obesity]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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