<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-9190</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista alergia México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. alerg. Méx.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-9190</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio Mexicano de Inmunología Clínica y Alergia A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-91902018000400414</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29262/ram.v65i4.560</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El protocolo de investigación VII. Validez y confiabilidad de las mediciones]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Research protocol VII. Validity and reliability of the measurements]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villasís-Keever]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Miguel Ángel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Márquez-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Horacio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zurita-Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jessie Nallely]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miranda-Novales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guadalupe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escamilla-Núñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI Unidad de Investigación en Síntesis y Análisis de la Evidencia]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Ciudad de México]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI Hospital de Cardiología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI Hospital de Pediatría]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Ciudad de México]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>65</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>414</fpage>
<lpage>421</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-91902018000400414&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-91902018000400414&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-91902018000400414&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El concepto de validez en investigación se refiere a lo que es verdadero o se acerca a la verdad. Se considera que los resultados de una investigación son válidos cuando el estudio está libre de errores. Los errores o sesgos que se presentan en el desarrollo de una investigación se deben a problemas metodológicos y pueden agruparse en tres categorías: sesgos de selección, sesgo en la medición y sesgo de confusión. En este artículo se abordan los sesgos de medición, tipo de error que tienen tres ejes: el sujeto de investigación, el instrumento para la medición de las variables y el evaluador de las mediciones. Para mejorar la obtención de los datos y prevenir los errores se pueden seguir algunas estrategias: incluir la definición operacional de las variables, la capacitación de los sujetos que van a realizar las mediciones o encuestas, la verificación del adecuado funcionamiento de los instrumentos de medición, la validación de los cuestionarios en el idioma en el que se van a aplicar, su adecuación al idioma de los participantes en el estudio y que de preferencia sean autoaplicables. Es necesario cuantificar la variabilidad de las mediciones desde el punto de vista estadístico, para aumentar la validez de un estudio.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The concept of validity in research refers to what is true or what is close to the truth. It is considered that the results of an investigation will be valid when the study is free of errors. The errors or biases appear in the development of research, are due to methodological problems and, in general, can be grouped into three: selection bias, measurement bias and confusion bias. In this article, measurement biases will be addressed; this type of error has three axes: 1) the research subject, 2) the instrument for the measurement of the variable (s), and 3) those who make the evaluation of the measurement (s). To improve the obtaining of data and to prevent errors, some strategies can be followed: in every study protocol, it is necessary to include the operational definition of the variables; the subjects that will carry out the measurements or surveys must be trained. If measuring instruments are used, their proper functioning must be verified; when questionnaires are included, they must be validated in the language in which they will be applied, they have had a process of adaptation to the language of the participants in the study, and self-applicable ones are preferred. It is necessary to quantify the variability of the measurements from the statistical point of view to increase the validity of a study.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Validez]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Confiabilidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sesgo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Validity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Reliability]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Bias]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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