<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-718X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[El trimestre económico]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[El trimestre econ]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-718X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Cultura Económica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-718X2021000100249</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20430/ete.v88i349.1209</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Capitalismo, subdesarrollo y dependencia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Capitalism, underdevolpment and dependency]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Theotonio Dos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,aff1  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>88</volume>
<numero>349</numero>
<fpage>249</fpage>
<lpage>274</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-718X2021000100249&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-718X2021000100249&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-718X2021000100249&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Este texto retoma la teoría de la dependencia con el fin de analizar las relaciones entre subdesarrollo y desarrollo desde América Latina hacia el sistema mundial. Cuestiona el concepto de desarrollo como algo universal y derivado únicamente de la expansión capitalista que no toma en cuenta las especificidades históricas y sociales de los distintos países. Plantea que se deben delimitar las diferentes relaciones de dependencia para ver las condiciones de posible desarrollo en los países latinoamericanos, y, finalmente, analiza las estructuras de la dependencia en el momento en que se escribió el texto (la década de los setenta).]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: This text takes up the theory of dependency in order to analyze the relationships between underdevelopment and development from Latin America to the world system. It questions the concept of development as something universal and derived only from capitalist expansion that does not take into account the historical and social specificities of the different countries. It proposes that the diverse dependency relationships must be delimited to see the possible development conditions in Latin American countries, and, finally, it analyzes the dependency structures at the time the text was written (the 1970s).]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Capitalism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[development]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[underdevelopment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Latin America]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[dependency]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[capitalismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[desarrollo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[subdesarrollo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Latinoamérica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[dependencia]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bagú]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Economía de la sociedad colonial]]></source>
<year>1949</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[El Ateneo]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Economía política del crecimiento]]></source>
<year>1959</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Cultura Económica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caputo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pizarro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Imperialismo, dependencia y relaciones económicas internacionales]]></source>
<year>1971</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santiago de Chile ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CESO-Universidad de Chile]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cardoso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Faletto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Dependencia y desarrollo en América Latina]]></source>
<year>1967</year>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lima ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Estudios Peruanos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>CEPAL</collab>
<source><![CDATA[La CEPAL y el análisis del desarrollo latinoamericano]]></source>
<year>1968</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santiago de Chile ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CEPAL]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chiaramonte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Problemas del europeísmo en Argentina]]></source>
<year>1964</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paraná ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional del Litoral]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>CIES</collab>
<source><![CDATA[El financiamiento externo para el desarrollo latinoamericano]]></source>
<year>1969</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Unión Panamericana]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dos Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El nuevo carácter de la dependencia]]></source>
<year>1967</year>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santiago de Chile ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CESO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dos Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El nuevo carácter de la dependencia]]></source>
<year>1968</year>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santiago de Chile ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CESO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dos Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Crisis económica y crisis política en Brasil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Socialismo o fascismo. El nuevo carácter de la dependencia y el dilema latinoamericano]]></source>
<year>1978</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Edicol]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dos Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Socialismo o fascismo. El nuevo carácter de la dependencia y el dilema latinoamericano]]></source>
<year>1978</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Edicol]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Emmanuel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[L&#8217;Echange inegal]]></source>
<year>1969</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[París ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Maspero]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Equipo de Investigaciones sobre Relaciones en América Latina</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Imperialismo y dependencia externa]]></source>
<year>1968</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santiago de Chile ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CESO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>Espartaco</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La crisis latinoamericana y su marco externo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Desarrollo Económico]]></source>
<year>1966</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>22-23</numero>
<issue>22-23</issue>
<page-range>319-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frank]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El nuevo confusionismo del precapitalismo dual en América Latina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economía]]></source>
<year>1965</year>
<volume>4</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frank]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El desarrollo del subdesarrollo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Desarrollo]]></source>
<year>1966</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frank]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Capitalism and Underdevelopment in Latin America]]></source>
<year>1967</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Monthly Review Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González Casanova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sociología de la explotación]]></source>
<year>1969</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Siglo XXI Editores]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guilherme]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Preliminares de una controversia metodológica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Civilização Brasileira]]></source>
<year>1966</year>
<numero>5-6</numero>
<issue>5-6</issue>
<page-range>77-94</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lenin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El imperialismo, fase superior del capitalismo: esbozo popular]]></source>
<year>1966</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Moscú ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Progreso]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Levin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I. V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Las economías de exportación]]></source>
<year>1964</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UTEHA]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La interdependencia brasileña y la integración imperialista]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Monthly Review selecciones en castellano]]></source>
<year>1966</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>30</numero>
<issue>30</issue>
<page-range>10-29</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palloix]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Problèmes de la croissance en économie ouverte]]></source>
<year>1969</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[París ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Maspero]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dependencia financiera y desnacionalización de la industria interna]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[El Trimestre Económico]]></source>
<year>1970</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>146</numero>
<issue>146</issue>
<page-range>296-329</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perlo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La explotación entre naciones]]></source>
<year>1974</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[La Rosa Blindada]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quijano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dependencia, cambio social y urbanización en Latinoamérica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Mexicana de Sociología]]></source>
<year>1968</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>525-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sternberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[¿Capitalismo o socialismo?]]></source>
<year>1955</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Cultura Económica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sunkel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Política nacional de desarrollo y dependencia externa]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Estudios Internacionales]]></source>
<year>1967</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>43-75</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vasconi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cultura, ideología, dependencia, alienación]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Boletín del CESO]]></source>
<year>1968</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santiago de Chile ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CESO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vitale]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[¿América Latina: feudal o capitalista? ¿Revolución burguesa o socialista?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Estrategia]]></source>
<year>1966</year>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weffort]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Classes Populares e Desenvolvimento Social]]></source>
<year>1968</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santiago de Chile ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CEPAL]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
