<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-6760</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Veterinaria México OA]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Veterinaria México OA]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-6760</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-67602016000200001</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21753/vmoa.3.2.363</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Genomic analysis of an atypical Mexican low-pathogenic H5N2 avian influenza virus]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Análisis del genoma de un virus atípico de influenza aviar H5N2 de baja patogenicidad de origen mexicano]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Giovanni Steffani]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chávez Maya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rojas Anaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edith]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Loza Rubio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Elizabeth]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García Espinosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gary]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ DF]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Microbiología Animal ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[México D. F.]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>0</fpage>
<lpage>0</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-67602016000200001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-67602016000200001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-67602016000200001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract We analysed the genome of a low-pathogenic avian H5N2 influenza virus isolated from the faeces of experimentally infected Pekin ducks and Leghorn-type chickens to determine its origin and molecular characteristics. The complete genomic sequence was determined using a Sanger-based genome sequencing method and was subsequently characterized by phylogenetic analysis and genetic comparison. The results of this study showed that 8 genomic segments corresponded to an avian influenza virus that were related with strains isolated in Mexico. Investigation of the haemagglutinin gene revealed the presence of few basic amino acids at the cleavage site and lack of a potential N-glycosylation site at position 11. The gene encoding the PB1 protein lacked PB1-F2 and the basic polymerase gene codes for PA-X. In addition, the basic polymerase gene contained the consensus ribosomal frameshifting motif TCC TTT CGT C, which is required for the expression of the PA-X. Molecular characteristics showed that the virus has features of a low-pathogenic H5 influenza virus with the exception of a potential N-glycosylation site at position 11. The genome information for this particular virus will provide a molecular map for further in vivo studies to identify why some influenza viruses can persist in chickens for long periods of time. Such information will be useful in countries such as Mexico, where the virus has been a poultry health problem since 1994 and has the potential to evolve high pathogenicity.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este estudio analizó el genoma de un virus de influenza aviar H5N2, aislado de heces de pollos tipo Leghorn y patos Pekín, infectados experimentalmente para conocer su origen y características moleculares. La secuencia completa del genoma del virus se obtuvo por medio del método de secuenciación de Sanger, una vez obtenida la secuencia, se caracterizó mediante comparación genética y análisis filogenético. Los resultados del análisis mostraron que los ocho segmentos del genoma están relacionados con virus aislados en México. El análisis del gen de la hemoaglutinina reveló que codifica para pocos aminoácidos básicos en el sitio de corte y quizá carece de un sitio de glicosilación en la posición once. El gen que codifica para la proteína PB1 carece del fragmento PB1-F2, así como en el gen de la PA se encuentra el fragmento PA-X. También se observó, que el gen de la polimerasa contiene la secuencia consenso del ribosoma TCC TTT CGT C, requerida para la expresión de PA-X. Las características moleculares demostraron que el virus corresponde a un virus de baja patogenicidad del subtipo H5 con excepción del posible sitio once de glicosilación. La información del genoma para esta cepa del virus, proveerá un mapa molecular para futuros estudios in vivo que puedan contribuir a conocer por qué algunos virus de influenza aviar persisten en los pollos por periodos prolongados. Esta información puede ser de utilidad en países como México, donde el virus ha estado en la avicultura desde 1994 y con el potencial de evolucionar a virus de alta patogenicidad.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Avian influenza]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[H5N2]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Low-pathogenicity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Chicken embryos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Genome]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[influenza aviar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[H5N2]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[baja patogenicidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[genoma]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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