<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-6655</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Análisis económico]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Anál. econ.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-6655</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Azcapotzalco, División de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-66552026000100175</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24275/uam/azc/dcsh/ae/2026v41n106/pizarro</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Desigualdades educativas intra-provinciales: un análisis de clúster para la provincia de La Rioja, Argentina (2022)]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Intra-provincial educational inequalities: a cluster analysis of La Rioja province, Argentina (2022)]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pizarro Levi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ernesto Gabriel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Antequera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Germán Oscar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Chilecito  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>106</numero>
<fpage>175</fpage>
<lpage>205</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-66552026000100175&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-66552026000100175&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-66552026000100175&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN El presente trabajo pretende analizar las desigualdades educativas en el nivel secundario de la provincia de La Rioja, enfocándose en la indagación de las disparidades existentes a escala departamental. Particularmente, se busca identificar las desigualdades educativas en sus dimensiones de acceso y permanencia, calidad y rendimiento, entorno y condición socioeconómica de los estudiantes. La metodología empleada consiste en un análisis de clústers jerárquicos, utilizando datos provenientes de pruebas educativas estandarizadas y del Censo Nacional. Los resultados muestran disparidades importantes en las dimensiones inquiridas, con departamentos agrupados en conglomerados de diferentes niveles de desigualdad. Finalmente, se enfatiza en la importancia de abordar las particularidades locales educativas para diseñar intervenciones más efectivas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  This study aims to analyze educational inequalities at the secondary school level in the province of La Rioja, with a particular focus on disparities at the departmental level. Specifically, it examines inequalities across dimensions such as access and retention, educational quality and performance, and the socioeconomic conditions and environments of students. The methodology involves hierarchical cluster analysis based on data from standardized educational assessments and the National Census. The findings reveal significant disparities across the examined dimensions, with departments grouped into clusters that reflect varying levels of inequality. The study concludes by emphasizing the importance of addressing local educational specificities to design more effective and context-sensitive interventions.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Desigualdad educativa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Análisis de clúster]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Educación secundaria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Territorio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Asimetrías]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[territoriales.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Educational inequality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cluster analysis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Secondary Education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Territory]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Territorial asymmetries]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abeles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villafañe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Asimetrías y desigualdades territoriales en la Argentina. Aportes para el debate]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santiago de Chile ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL)]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agasisti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Antequera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delprato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Technological resources, ICT use and schools efficiency in Latin America-Insights from OECDPISA 2018]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Educational Development]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>99</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agredano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Análisis Multivariante aplicado a datos sobre proyectos STEAM en educación secundaria]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Granada, España ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Granada]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aldenderfer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blashfield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cluster Analysis]]></source>
<year>1984</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Beverly Hills ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[SAGE Publication]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alderete]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Formichella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krüger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efecto de las TIC sobre los resultados educativos: estudio en barrios vulnerables de Bahía Blanca]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ciencia, docencia y tecnología]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<numero>61</numero>
<issue>61</issue>
<page-range>89-96</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>APRENDER</collab>
<source><![CDATA[APRENDER 2022]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Becker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Human capital: a theoretical and empirical analysis, with special reference to education]]></source>
<year>1964</year>
<volume>Vol. 3</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chicago ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Chicago Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bourdieu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Passeron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Les héritiers. Les étudiants et la culture]]></source>
<year>1964</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Les Éditions de Minuit]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bowles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gintis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Instrucción escolar en la América capitalista: reforma educativa y las contradicciones de la vida económica]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Siglo XXI de España Editores]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buzai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clásicos de la Geografía Cuantitativa vigentes en los Sistemas de Información Geográfica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anales de la Sociedad Científica Argentina]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>273</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>19-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Planes de igualdad de género en América Latina y el Caribe: mapas de ruta para el desarrollo]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santiago de Chile ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Observatorio de Igualdad de Género en América Latina y el Caribe]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delprato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Antequera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[School efficiency in Latin America before and after the COVID-19 pandemic: New evidence from PISA 2018 and 2022]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Educational Research]]></source>
<year>2025</year>
<volume>129</volume>
<page-range>1-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delprato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Köseleci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Antequera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Education for all in Latin America: evolution of the school inequality impact on achievement]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Latinoamericana de Educación Comparada]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>45-75</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Di Piero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miño Chiappino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pandemia, desigualdad y nivel secundario: trayectorias de las políticas de virtualización a nivel subnacional durante 2020]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Propuesta educativa]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<numero>54</numero>
<issue>54</issue>
<page-range>42-58</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eicher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Treinta años de economía de la educación]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ekonomiaz: Revista vasca de economía]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>11-37</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espadoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hirata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. S. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Telea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Self-supervised dimensionality reduction with neural networks and pseudo-labeling]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proceedings]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<page-range>28-38</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Formichella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krüger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Pandemia y brechas educativas: reflexiones desde la Economía de la Educación]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CONICET]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gasparini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaume]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vázquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La segregación entre escuelas públicas y privadas en Argentina. Reconstruyendo la evidencia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Desarrollo Económico: Revista de Ciencias Sociales]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<page-range>189-219</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sassera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Desigualdades territoriales en el acceso y permanencia a la educación secundaria: aproximación a las condiciones sociales y educativas a nivel departamental en Argentina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lavboratorio]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>33-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>INDEC</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Informes Técnicos - Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos (INDEC)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Instituto Geográfico Nacional (IGN)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Instituto Geográfico Nacional]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Agrupación de instituciones bancarias a partir del análisis de clúster:una aplicación al caso de Chile]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economía chilena]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>80-102</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaplan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piovani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Trayectorias y capitales socioeducativos]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piovani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salvia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La Argentina en el siglo XXI: Cómo somos, vivimos y convivimos en una sociedad desigual]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Siglo XXI, Encuesta Nacional sobre la Estructura Social]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karpan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ked&#382;o]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[&#381;muk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Exploring the link between education length and employment outcomes among youth in Europe: A hierarchical clustering approach]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Business Systems Research: International journal of the Society for Advancing Innovation and Research in Economy]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>190-213</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krüger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Desigualdades socioeconómicas y culturales en la elección de escuela: un análisis para el nivel medio en la ciudad de Bahía Blanca]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ XIJornadas de Sociología de la UNLP, Sociologías de las emergencias en un mundo incierto]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>5-7 de diciembre de 2022</conf-date>
<conf-loc>Ensenada, Argentina </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krüger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La segregación por nivel socioeconómico como dimensión de la exclusión educativa: 15 años de evolución en América Latina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Archivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>35-67</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krüger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An evaluation of the intensity and impacts of socioeconomic school segregation in Argentina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Understanding school segregation: Patterns, Causes and consequences of spatial inequalities in education]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<page-range>210-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krüger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Más allá del acceso: segregación social e inequidad en el sistema educativo argentino]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cuadernos de Economía]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>63</numero>
<issue>63</issue>
<page-range>513-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krüger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Segregación social y desigualdad de logros educativos en Argentina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Archivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>1-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krüger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Formichella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Oportunidades educativas desiguales en un espacio urbano fragmentado]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Problemas del desarrollo]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>55</volume>
<numero>217</numero>
<issue>217</issue>
<page-range>61-88</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krüger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Erramuspe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nexos entre el género, el trabajo y la vulnerabilidad social en Bahía Blanca, Argentina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[SaberEs]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>91-114</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krüger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Formichella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[¿Las competencias no cognitivas actúan como mediadoras en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje? Evidencia para Argentina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cuadernos de Economía]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>77</numero>
<issue>77</issue>
<page-range>493-521</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almagro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Economía de la educación: capital humano y rendimiento educativo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Análisis económico]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<page-range>79-106</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marchesi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Á.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Un sistema de indicadores de desigualdad educativa]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Iberoamericana de educación]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<page-range>135-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marchionni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gasparini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Edo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Brechas de género en América Latina. Un estado de situación]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Caracas ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CAF]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mazurek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez Rico]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inequality and students' PISA 2018 performance: a cross-country study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>163-83</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mincer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Schooling, experience and earnings]]></source>
<year>1974</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Columbia University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Ministerio de Capital Humano (MCH)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Ministerio de Capital Humano]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morduchowicz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Discusiones de economía de la educación]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Losada]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Munandar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Handayani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Extracting Patterns of Proximity in Regional Development Inequality Using Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[TEM Journal]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>680</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Garrido]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Magnitud de la segregación escolar por nivel socioeconómico en España y sus Comunidades Autónomas y comparación con los países de la Unión Europea]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Sociología de la Educación-RASE]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>37-58</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niembro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarmiento]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Regional development gaps in Argentina: A multidimensional approach to identify the location of policy priorities]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Regional Science Policy &amp; Practice]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1297-328</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ostertagova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ostertag]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kovac]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Methodology and application of the Kruskal-Wallis test]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Applied Mechanics and Materials]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>611</volume>
<page-range>115-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Econometria avanzada: tecnicas y herramientas]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Pearson Educación]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pizarro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sistema regional de innovación y desarrollo territorial en la Provincia de La Rioja. Vinculaciones tecnológicas en el Sector Agroindustrial]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de Quilmes]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Recchioni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Técnicas multivariadas para el agrupamiento de departamentos. Provincia de La Rioja]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Oikonomos]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>2</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ríos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. X. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[¿Confirma el ERCE la ventaja académica de la educación cubana entre los países de América Latina y El Caribe?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Trenzar. Revista de Educación Popular, Pedagogía Crítica e Investigación Militante]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>35-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sassera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Desigualdad espacial, segmentación educativa y diferenciación institucional:Aportes de representaciones cartográficas en una localidad]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[OBETS. Revista de Ciencias Sociales]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Secretaria de Estadísticas y Censos de La Rioja (SECLR)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Secretaria de Estadísticas y Censos de La Rioja]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Secretaría de Estadísticas y Censos de La Rioja</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Datos estadísticos provinciales]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schultz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Investment in human capital]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The American economic review]]></source>
<year>1961</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-17</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Subirats]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Análisis de los factores de exclusión social]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[España ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fundación BBVA]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navarro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Desigualdad educativa y su relación con la distribución del ingreso en los estados mexicanos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[CPU-e. Revista de Investigación Educativa]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<numero>24</numero>
<issue>24</issue>
<page-range>75-98</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ward]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Application of an hierarchical grouping procedure to a problem of grouping profiles]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educational and psychological measurement]]></source>
<year>1963</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>69-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
