<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-654X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Estudios de Asia y África]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Estud. Asia Áfr.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-654X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[El Colegio de México A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-654X2016000200413</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Microhistoria de una familia machokosh: aproximaciones a la construcción del espacio y del &#8220;hogar&#8221; en Nairobi a través del relato &#8220;An Ex-mas Feast&#8221;]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Micro-history of a Machokosh Family: Reflections on the Construction of Space and &#8220;Home&#8221; in Nairobi through the Short Story &#8220;An Ex-mas Feast&#8221;]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rasgado Blas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jacqueline]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,El Colegio de México Centro de Estudios de Asia y África ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[D.F. ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>413</fpage>
<lpage>447</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-654X2016000200413&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-654X2016000200413&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-654X2016000200413&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este artículo explora la construcción del espacio y del &#8220;hogar&#8221; en el relato corto &#8220;An Ex-mas Feast&#8221;, el cual aparece en la colección de historias cortas Say You&#8217;re One of Them, del autor nigeriano Uwem Akpan, publicada en 2008, así como algunas representaciones de la ciudad de Nairobi, en el género novelístico keniano, que describen la vida en la ciudad entre las décadas de 1970 y 1990, y que son analizadas críticamente por Roger Kurtz en su libro Urban Obsessions, Urban Fears: The Postcolonial Kenyan Novel. En primer lugar, el artículo pretende mostrar los cambios y las continuidades que se han generado en la representación de la ciudad de Nairobi en el siglo XXI. &#8220;An Ex-mas Feast&#8221; es la historia de una familia que vive en la calle, en Nairobi. La voz narrativa en el relato es la de un sector que tiende a ser homogeneizado y deshistorizado en los relatos sobre la ciudad, los llamados chokora, niños que viven en las calles de muchas ciudades de Kenia, quienes son considerados, por un lado, como sujetos pasivos y marginados, víctimas de la estructura social, económica y política keniana y, por otro, como perpetradores de crímenes y como individuos improductivos. El relato puede ser leído como afirmación de las narrativas de la novela poscolonial keniana, escritas entre las décadas de 1970 y 1990, que han tendido a representar la ciudad de Nairobi como un lugar de desorden diario, desempleo, pobreza, violencia y delincuencia juvenil; en ellas, los escritores kenianos presentaron personajes alegóricos, tales como la figura de los jóvenes criminales, y personajes femeninos que lidiaron con la prostitución, para representar los problemas de la Kenia independiente y la desilusión poscolonial. En &#8220;An Ex-mas Feast&#8221; se explora también este tipo de temáticas. Sin embargo, mi argumento señala que a través de las voces de los niños, Akpan representa la ciudad de Nairobi como un lugar de negociación y posibilidad, lo cual difiere de los enfoques de desorden poscolonial y de Nairobi como un lugar de crisis y criminalidad presentes en esas novelas y, por ello, tiene consecuencias diferentes en la comprensión del espacio urbano de Nairobi. En segundo lugar se quiere mostrar que la formación del espacio, aun en ciudades con un alto índice de desigualdad social y polarización espacial, tal como lo es Nairobi, no obedece a las reglas establecidas por las estructuras económicas y políticas del Estado colonial y poscolonial, sino -como bien lo advierte De Certeau- a prácticas cotidianas &#8220;microbianas&#8221;, &#8220;singulares&#8221; y &#8220;plurales&#8221; de individuos que se reapropian del espacio y lo rehacen creativamente. En ese sentido, el análisis del relato corto mostrará cómo una familia que vive en la calle, en Nairobi, desde una posición aparentemente marginal, rehace el orden urbano y convierte el espacio de la calle, un espacio público considerado como un &#8220;no lugar&#8221;, en su &#8220;hogar&#8221;, con lo cual ejerce el papel de agente en la construcción del espacio urbano.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This article looks at the construction of space and &#8220;home&#8221; in the short story &#8220;An Ex-mas Feast&#8221; which appears in the collection of short stories Say You&#8217;re One of Them, written by the Nigerian author Uwem Akpan, published in2008. It looks at representations of Nairobi in the Kenyan novelistic genre which describe the life of the city between 1970 and 1990 as analyzed by Roger Kurtz in his book Urban Obsessions, Urban Fears: The Kenyan Post-colonial Novel in order to contextualize this short prose work. The article focuses on the changes and continuities that have been generated through representations of the city of Nairobi in the 21th century. &#8220;An Ex-mas Feast&#8221; presents the story of a street family in Nairobi. It provides an approach that is engaged with the voice of a sector which has generally been homogenized and de-historicized in the narratives of the city: the so-called chokora, street children who are living in many cities of Kenya who are considered on the one hand, as passive and marginalized subjects, victims of the Kenyan social, economic and political structure, and on the other hand, as perpetrators of crimes and generally non-productive subjects. The story can be read as an example of support of the narratives of the Kenyan postcolonial novel written between 1970 and 1990 which have tended to represent the city of Nairobi as a place of quotidian disorder, unemployment, poverty, violence and juvenile delinquency. In these narratives Kenyan writers have used allegorical characters such as male criminals and female characters that deal with prostitution to portray the problems of the independent Kenya and postcolonial disillusionment. In &#8220;An Ex-mas Feast&#8221; Akpan explores these topics too. However, I argue that Akpan&#8217;s use of the children&#8217;s voices engages in a presentation of Nairobi as a place of negotiation and possibility, which differs from the approaches of postcolonial disorder and Nairobi as a place of crisis and crime as shown in the novels written between 1970 and 1990 and consequently the narrative contains different implications for the understanding of the urban space of Nairobi. Secondly, the article explores the formation of the urban space, even in cities with high social inequality and spatial polarization such as Nairobi, as not merely a consequence of the economic and political structures of the colonial and postcolonial state, but as De Certeau points out: &#8220;a product of microbe-like, singular and plural everyday practices of people who creatively remake it&#8221;. Hence, the exploration of the short story will demonstrate a family living on the street in Nairobi, from a position, apparently marginal remaking the urban order, turning the street space, a public space considered a &#8220;no place&#8221;, into their &#8220;home&#8221;, exerting the role of agents in the construction and transformation of the urban space.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Espacio urbano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Kenia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Nairobi]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Uwem Akpan]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[literatura africana]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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