<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2444-054X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Cirugía y cirujanos]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cir. cir.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2444-054X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academia Mexicana de Cirugía A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2444-054X2024000500007</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/ciru.23000514</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Association of Vitamin D and magnesium levels with severity and mortality in patients with COVID-19]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Asociación de los niveles de vitamina D y magnesio con la gravedad y la mortalidad en pacientes con COVID-19]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Zendejas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mariela M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cano-Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edgar A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simental-Mendía]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital General Salvador Zubirán Anchondo Servicio de Urgencias ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Chihuahua ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Rebren Department of Internal Medicine ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Durango ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Delegación Durango Unidad de Investigación Biomédica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Durango ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>92</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<fpage>603</fpage>
<lpage>607</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2444-054X2024000500007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2444-054X2024000500007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2444-054X2024000500007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Objective: The study aimed to determine the association between serum magnesium and Vitamin D levels with the severity and mortality by coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) in hospitalized patients.  Method: Men and women over 18 years of age with probable COVID-19 were enrolled in a case-control study. Patients with a positive or negative test for Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were allocated into case or control groups, respectively. Vitamin D deficiency was defined by concentrations &lt; 20 ng/mL and hypomagnesemia by serum levels &lt; 1.8 mg/dL.  Results: A total of 54 patients, 30 women and 24 men, were enrolled and allocated into the groups with (n = 27) and without (n = 27) COVID-19. The logistic regression analysis showed that Vitamin D deficiency (odds ratio [OR] = 6.13; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.32-28.34) and insufficiency (OR = 0.12; 95% CI: 0.02-0.60) are significantly associated with hospitalization. However, Vitamin D disorders and hypomagnesemia were not associated with mortality.  Conclusions: The results of the present study revealed that Vitamin D disturbances, but not hypomagnesemia, are associated with the severity of SARS-CoV-2.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre los niveles séricos de vitamina D y de magnesio con la gravedad y la mortalidad de la COVID-19 en pacientes hospitalizados.  Método: Hombres y mujeres mayores de 18 años con probable COVID-19 fueron enrolados en un estudio de casos y controles. Los pacientes con una prueba positiva o negativa para SARS-CoV-2 fueron asignados en los grupos de casos y de controles, respectivamente.  Resultados: Un total de 54 pacientes, 30 mujeres y 24 hombres, fueron enrolados y asignados a los grupos COVID-19 (n = 27) y control (n = 27). El análisis de regresión logística mostró que la deficiencia de vitamina D (odds ratio [OR]: 6.13; intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC95%]: 1.32-28.34) y la insuficiencia de vitamina D (OR: 0.12; IC95%: 0.02-0.60) se asocian significativamente con hospitalización. Sin embargo, las alteraciones de la vitamina D y la hipomagnesemia no se asociaron con mortalidad.  Conclusiones: Los resultados del presente estudio revelaron que las alteraciones de la vitamina D, pero no la hipomagnesemia, se asocian con la gravedad de la COVID-19.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Coronavirus disease 19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Magnesium]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mortality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Severity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Vitamin D]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Magnesio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Mortalidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Gravedad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Vitamina D]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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