<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2444-054X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Cirugía y cirujanos]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cir. cir.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2444-054X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academia Mexicana de Cirugía A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2444-054X2022000200202</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/ciru.20001058</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[AZFa, AZFb, AZFc and gr/gr Y-chromosome microdeletions in azoospermic and severe oligozoospermic patients, analyzed from a neural network perspective]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Microdeleciones de las regiones AZFa, AZFb, AZFc y gr/gr del cromosoma Y en pacientes con azoospermia y oligozoospermia severa, análisis desde una perspectiva de red neuronal]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romo-Yáñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sevilla-Montoya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rosalba]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edith]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flores-Reyes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Josiff]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laresgoiti-Servitje]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Estibalitz]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espino-Sosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Salvador]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domínguez-Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mauricio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Razo-Aguilera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guadalupe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hidalgo-Bravo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguinaga-Ríos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mónica]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Department of Cellular Development and Physiology ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico City ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Department of Genetics and Human Genomics ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico City ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey TEC-ABC School of Medicine ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico City ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Clinical Research Sub-direction ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico City ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Department of Genetics ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico City ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>90</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>202</fpage>
<lpage>209</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2444-054X2022000200202&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2444-054X2022000200202&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2444-054X2022000200202&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Aim: Analysis of male infertility by molecular methods has increased since recognition of genetic risk factors. The AZFa, AZFb, AZFc, and gr/gr regions on the Y-chromosome can cause male infertility. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Y-chromosome microdeletions in these regions in infertile Mexican patients.  Material and methods: We recruited 57 infertile patients with abnormal sperm count (26 azoospermic and 31 oligozoospermic) and 55 individuals with normal sperm count. Analysis of the regions of interest was performed by PCR.  Results: 15.8% of infertile patients presented Y-chromosome microdeletions, whereas no deletions were found in the control group. Deletions were observed in all the analyzed regions except in AZFa. Additionally, the neural network model revealed a mild genotype-phenotype correlation between deletion of the sY1191, sY1291 and sY254 markers with oligozoospermia, azoospermia and cryptozoospermia, respectively.  Conclusions: Our data show that AZFb, AZFc, and gr/gr microdeletions are significantly associated with infertility in Mexican population. In addition, the neural network model revealed a discrete genotype-phenotype correlation between specific deletions and a particular abnormality. Our results reinforce the importance of the analysis of AZF regions as part of the clinical approach of infertile men.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Objetivo: La utilización de técnicas moleculares para estudiar la infertilidad masculina se ha incrementado desde el reconocimiento de factores genéticos. Las regiones AZFa, AZFb, AZFc, y gr/gr del cromosoma Y son causa de infertilidad masculina. El objetvo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de microdeleciones en estas regiones en pacientes infértiles Mexicanos.  Material y métodos: Reclutamos 57 pacientes infértiles con cuentas espermáticas anormales (26 con azoospermia y 31 con oligozoospermia) y 55 individuos con cuentas espermáticas normales. El análisis de las regiones se realizó mediante PCR.  Resultados: 15.8% de los pacientes infértiles presentó microdeleciones, no se encontraron microdeleciones en el grupo control. Las microdeleciones fueron observadas en todas las regiones excepto en AZFa. Adicionalmente, el modelo de red neuronal reveló una leve correlación genotipo-fenotipo entre microdeleciones de los marcadores sY1191, Sy1291 y sY254 con oligozoospermia, azoospermia y criptozoospermia, respectivamente.  Conclusiones: Nuestros datos muestran que las microdeleciones en AZFb, AZFc, y gr/gr se asocian significativamente con infertilidad en la población Mexicana. Además, el modelo de red neuronal reveló una discreta correlación genotipo-genotipo entre microdeleciones específicas con una anormalidad en particular. Nuestros resultados refuerzan la importancia del análisis de las regiones AZF en el abordaje de la infertilidad masculina.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Male infertility]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Y-Chromosome microdeletions]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[AZF region]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Azoospermia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Oligozoospermia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Infertilidad masculina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Microdeleciones del Cromosoma Y]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Región AZF]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Azoospermia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Oligozoospermia]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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