<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2007-9028</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ecosistemas y recursos agropecuarios]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ecosistemas y recur. agropecuarios]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2007-9028</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Dirección de Investigación y Posgrado]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2007-90282023000300002</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19136/era.a10n3.3457</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Efectos altitudinales en la africanización de las colonias de abejas melíferas (Apis mellifera L.) en Jalisco, México]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Altitudinal effects on the africanization of honey bees colonies (Apis mellifera L.) in Jalisco, Mexico]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramos-Cuellar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana Karen]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alvaro de la]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Contreras-Escareño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisca]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morfin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nuria]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tapia-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Macías-Macías]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Petukhova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tatiana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Correa-Benítez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adriana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guzman-Novoa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ernesto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Abejas, Conejos y Organismos Acuáticos ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Guelph School of Environmental Sciences ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Canada</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Guadalajara CUCSUR Departamento de Producción Agrícola]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Jalisco]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Guadalajara CUSUR Departamento de Ciencias de la Naturaleza]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Jalisco]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Guelph Department of Population Medicine ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Canada</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2007-90282023000300002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2007-90282023000300002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2007-90282023000300002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen México es de los principales productores y exportadores de miel de abejas (Apis mellifera L.) a nivel mundial y el estado de Jalisco se encuentra entre los tres primeros productores a nivel nacional. Sin embargo, la apicultura mexicana es afectada por el alto comportamiento defensivo y menor productividad de las abejas africanizadas en comparación con abejas europeas. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la ancestría africana o europea de colonias de abejas melíferas en seis regiones de clima templado y subtropical en el estado de Jalisco, México, mediante análisis morfométricos y de ADN mitocondrial. Más del 50% de las colonias de abejas de Jalisco tuvieron mitotipo y morfotipo africano (59.0 y 62.5%, respectivamente). La frecuencia de africanización de las colonias fue significativamente mayor (p &lt; 0.05) en regiones de baja altitud y climas subtropicales (regiones Sureste y Suroeste), que en regiones de mayor elevación y en climas templados (región de los Altos). Hubo correlación significativa entre la longitud del ala de las abejas y la altitud a la que se encontraban las colonias (r = 0.51, p &lt; 0.01); esto indica que a menor altitud hay un mayor grado de africanización de las abejas. Se recomiendan realizar estudios para determinar si el grado de africanización de las colonias de abejas aumenta o se mantiene en equilibrio, lo que permitirá diseñar estrategias de amortiguamiento de los efectos negativos de la africanización de las abejas melíferas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Mexico is one of the world&#8217;s foremost producers and exporters of bees&#8217; honey (Apis mellifera L.), and the state of Jalisco is one of the top three honey producers in Mexico. However, the Mexican beekeeping industry is affected by the high defensive behavior and lower honey production of Africanized honey bees compared to European bees. The objective of this study was to determine the African or European ancestry of honey bee colonies in six regions of temperate and subtropical climates in the state of Jalisco, Mexico, using morphometric and mitochondrial DNA analyses. More than 50% of the colonies in Jalisco had African mitotype and morphotype (59.0% and 62.5%, respectively). The frequency of africanization of the studied colonies was significantly higher (p &lt; 0.05) in regions of low altitude and in subtropical climates, such as the Southeast and Southwest regions, than in regions of higher elevation and in temperate climates, such as Los Altos. There was a significant correlation between the forewing length of the bees and the altitude at which their colonies were located (r = 0.51, p&lt; 0.01), indicating that the lower the altitude, the higher the degree of africanization of the bees. Future studies are warranted to determine if the degree of africanization of honey bee colonies increases or remains in equilibrium. These studies will make it posible to design mitigation strategies against the negative effects of the africanization of honey bees.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Apis mellifera]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[abejas africanizadas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[clima]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Jalisco]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[México]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[organismos invasivos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Apis mellifera]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[invasive organisms]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[africanized bees]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[climate]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Jalisco]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mexico]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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