<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2007-7459</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Horizonte sanitario]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Horiz. sanitario]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2007-7459</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2007-74592023000100053</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19136/hs.a22n1.5140</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Realidades intersubjetivas de la reducción de daños en Costa Rica: Voces polifónicas del sinhogarismo]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Intersubjective realities of harm reduction in Costa Rica:Polyphonic voices of homelessness and drug consumption]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caravaca-Morera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jaime Alonso]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>53</fpage>
<lpage>60</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2007-74592023000100053&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2007-74592023000100053&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2007-74592023000100053&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Objetivo:  Comprender las experiencias de Reducción de Daños en las voces de personas costarricenses en situación de calle, consumidoras de sustancias psicoactivas.  Materiales y métodos:  Investigación cualitativa con diseño fenomenológico que contó con la participación de 10 personas en situación de calle que visitaban diferentes centros de atención en reducción de daños en tres provincias de Costa Rica durante los años de 2019 y 2020.  Resultados:  La efectivación del derecho a la salud y el reconocimiento de la ciudadanía y la humanidad de las personas en situación de calle consumidoras de sustancias, estuvieron siempre presentes en las experiencias vividas dentro de las instituciones de Reducción de Daños. Además, se explicitó que, los ejes de derechos humanos, cuidados centrados en la persona y el reconocimiento del fenómeno de las drogas como una dimensión perteneciente al ámbito de la Salud Pública fueron puntos neurálgicos &#8220;del ser&#8221; dentro de la Reducción de Daños en Costa Rica.  Conclusión:  Una de las mayores contribuciones de este estudio fue la comprensión del progreso de la Reducción de Daños en un no-lugar como la calle. La comprensión fenomenológica social nos mostró también que el sentido de &#8220;ser y estar&#8221; en el mundo no es algo pasible de ser determinado por estructuras primitivas y punitivas. Por lo tanto, cualquier tentativa de cuidado a la salud que deslegitime al ser humano en cualquier momento o (no) lugar estará destinada al fracaso.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:  Objective:  To understand the experiences of Harm Reduction among the voices of homeless people and drug users in Costa Rica.  Materials and Methods: A qualitative research with a phenomenological approach that worked with 10 homeless people in Costa Rica during 2019-2020.  Results:  The materialization of the right to health and the recognition of the citizenship/humanism of homeless people-drug user were always present in the lived experiences of the participants. In addition, it was explicit that the axes of Humanism, Person-centered Care and the recognition of the Drug Phenomenon as a dimension belonging to the field of Public Health were neuralgic points of being within the Harm Reduction in Costa Rica.  Conclusion:  One of the major contributions of this study was the understanding of the progress of Harm Reduction in a non-place like the street. The social phenomenological understanding also showed us that the sense of "being" in the world is not something that can be determined by primitive and punitive structures. Therefore, any health care attempt that delegitimizes the human being at any time or (no) place will be doomed to failure.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Reducción del daño]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Personas sin hogar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Drogas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Derechos humanos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Salud pública]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Harm reduction]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Homeless]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Drugs]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Human rights]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Public health]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Auge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[No lugares: introducción a una antropología de la sobremodernidad]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<edition>3a</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Lix]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Instituto de Alcoholismo y Farmacodependencia (CR)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Modelo de Reducción de Daños]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[San José ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[IAFA]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schutz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luckmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Las estructuras del mundo de la vida]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Amorrortu]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La discrimination négative. Citoyens ou indigènes?]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Éditions du Seuil-La République des Idées]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zerbetto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nóbrega]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MPSS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RWM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonçalves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AMS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Protti-Zanatta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ST]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Harm reduction conceptions: speeches of Primary Health Care nursing professionals]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Bras Enferm]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>73</volume>
<numero>^s1</numero>
<issue>^s1</issue>
<supplement>1</supplement>
<page-range>1-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bosque-Prous]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brugal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intervenciones de reducción de daños en usuarios de drogas: situación actual y recomendaciones]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gac Sanit]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>^s1</numero>
<issue>^s1</issue>
<supplement>1</supplement>
<page-range>99-105</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hedrich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kerr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dubois-Arbe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Drug consumption facilities in Europe and beyond]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rhodes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hedrich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Harm reduction: Evidence, impacts and challenges]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<page-range>305-31</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Luxembourg ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Agencia de Salut Pública de Catalunya (ES)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Informe anual 2017. Sistema d&#8217;informació sobre drogodependències a Catalunya]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Barcelona ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Generalitat de Catalunya]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EO]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pinho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eslabão]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medeiros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of harm reduction strategies in the psychosocial care network.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Texto contexto - enferm]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<page-range>1-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zeferino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fermo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fialho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kenthi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Basto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FI]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Crack cocaine use scene in the capital of the state of Santa Catarina/Brazil: the (in)visibility of users]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Texto contexto - enferm]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<page-range>1-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carvalho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PAL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malhado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SCB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Constancio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TOS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ribeiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IJS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boery]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RNSO]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sena]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ELS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cuidado humano á luz da fenomenologia de Merleau-Ponty]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Texto contexto - enferm]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<page-range>1-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siqueira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Terra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vieira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreschi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soccol]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KLS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Care actions for the relatives of users of psychoactive substances: the perspectives of professionals and families]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Texto contexto - enferm]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<page-range>1-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coelho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Veloso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TMG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SMM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Oficinas com Usuários de Saúde Mental: a Familia como Tema de Reflexao]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psicol., Cienc. Prof]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>489-99</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siqueira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Backes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreschi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Terra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soccol]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KLS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Souto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Social reintegration of crack addicts: actions taken by the family]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Texto contexto - enferm]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>548-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
