<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2007-5308</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[México y la cuenca del pacífico]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Méx.cuenca pac]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2007-5308</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, Departamento de Estudios del Pacífico]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2007-53082020000100121</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32870/mycp.v9i25.608</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Del mar español al océano estadounidense, una transición geopolítica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[From the Spanish Sea to the United States Ocean: A Geopolitical Transition]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Puente Martín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Viena  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Viena ]]></addr-line>
<country>Austria</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>25</numero>
<fpage>121</fpage>
<lpage>154</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2007-53082020000100121&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2007-53082020000100121&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2007-53082020000100121&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El océano Pacífico se integró en la economía global cuando fue posible el tornaviaje desde las islas Filipinas hasta Nueva España. El océano descubierto por Núñez de Balboa en 1513 y surcado por la expedición Magallanes-Elcano, en su viaje de circunvalación de la Tierra, entre 1519-1522, atrajo el interés de otras potencias europeas en los siglos XVII y XVIII, que, hasta entonces, era un mar español. El colonialismo de neerlandeses, británicos, rusos, estadounidenses y, finalmente, franceses transformaron el océano en el centro geopolítico de sus disputas coloniales y sus intereses mercantilistas. Todo ello fue posible por la existencia de un Imperio chino débil, en donde las potencias coloniales establecieron sus áreas de influencia durante décadas, y un Japón aislado en su estado medieval, que utilizó las influencias occidentales para el desarrollo de un gran imperio con fines expansionistas. La presencia del Imperio alemán tuvo escasa influencia y una gran limitación temporal. En este artículo se muestra que, a finales del siglo XIX, la desaparición del Imperio español dio paso al nuevo imperialismo estadounidense y fue el germen de la influencia de Estados Unidos de América en el Pacífico y que transformaría ese océano en el centro de gravedad geopolítico y geoeconómico del nuevo orden mundial.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The Pacific Ocean was integrated into the global economy when it was possible to travel from the Philippines Islands to New Spain, thanks to the navigator and explorer Andrés de Urdaneta. The Ocean discovered by Núñez de Balboa in 1513 and explored by the Magallanes-Elcano expedition, in its circumvallation of the Earth, between 1519-1522, focused the interest of other European powers in the 17th and 18th centuries that, until then it was just a Spanish sea. Dutch, British, Russians, Americans and finally French colonialism transformed the Ocean into the geopolitical core of their colonial disputes and their mercantilist interests. This situation was possible due to the existence of a weak Chinese Empire, where the colonial powers established their areas of influence for decades, and an isolated Japan with its medieval status, which used Western influences to become a great empire with expansionist purposes. The German Empire had little influence on the Pacific Ocean. This article shows that, at the end of the 19th century, the collapse of the Spanish Empire gave way to the new American imperialism and it was the origin of the influence of United States of America in the Pacific Ocean and transformed it into the geopolitical and geoeconomic center of gravity of the new world order.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Circunnavegación Magallanes-Elcano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Galeón de Manila]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Alfred T. Mahan]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Guerra Hispano-estadounidense]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Tratado de París de 1898]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Circunnavigation around the Earth Magallanes-Elcano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Manila Galleon]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Alfred T. Mahan]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Spanish-American War]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Treaty of Paris of 1898]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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