<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2007-4018</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Chapingo serie ciencias forestales y del ambiente]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Chapingo ser. cienc. for. ambient]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2007-4018</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Coordinación de Revistas Institucionales]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2007-40182007000100033</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[EMISIONES CONTAMINANTES DURANTE LA TEMPORADA 2003 DE INCENDIOS EN MÉXICO]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[EMISSIONS OF CONTAMINANTS DURING THE 2003 FOREST FIRE SEASON IN MEXICO]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Trejo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tchikoué-Maga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santillán-Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma Chapingo División de Ciencias Forestales ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Estado de México]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>33</fpage>
<lpage>39</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2007-40182007000100033&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2007-40182007000100033&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2007-40182007000100033&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La emisión de contaminantes por incendios forestales y quemas agropecuarias contribuye a la contaminación del aire y al cambio climático global. En el primer caso influye en las incidencias de afecciones de vías respiratorias y alergias, entre otras, particularmente entre personas de la tercera edad e infantes; además el humo de los incendios contiene agentes tóxicos y otros potencialmente cancerígenos. En el segundo caso, el CO2 es el más importante de los gases de invernadero. La información sobre emisiones en el país es muy escasa, y en el contexto internacional es muy variable. Por ello, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue estimar las emisiones de siete contaminantes: NO, NO2, CO, SO2, CO2, HC y partículas suspendidas &lt;10ì , a nivel nacional durante la temporada de incendios 2003. También se estimó la superficie que se evitó se afectara debido a las actividades de combate de incendios forestales, y las emisiones prevenidas. Las superficies afectadas (datos oficiales de CONAFOR) y las evitadas (descontando en este último caso las afectadas), fueron multiplicadas por la carga de combustibles para cada tipo de ecosistema principal (selvas altas y medianas, selvas bajas, matorrales, bosques de coníferas y latifoliadas, pastizales), así como por un factor de combustión para cada tipo de vegetación e incendio. En el caso de incendios subterráneos se consideró el consumo de parte de la materia orgánica del suelo. Al resultado anterior se le multiplicó por la tasa de emisión de cada contaminante. Las superficies evitadas se obtuvieron con SIG, considerando la presencia de barreras naturales y artificiales que pudiesen detener el avance del incendio. La emisión total a nivel nacional, fue igual a 6.156,196 t, en tanto que los contaminantes que se hubieran emitido de no combatirse los incendios por institución alguna, habrían alcanzado 131.249,780 t. En la actualidad, la salud pública es otro criterio a considerar en las políticas de manejo del fuego.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[SUMMARY The emission of pollutants by forest fires and agricultural burns, contributes to the air contamination and global climatic change. In the former, yields incidences of respiratory and allergic illnesses, among others, particularly among elders and children. The smoke also contains toxic agents and potentially carcinogen elements. In the later, CO2 is the most important greenhouse gas. The information of smoke emissions in Mexico is very scarce, and this sort of information is very variable in the international scenario. Because of that, the objective of this work was to estimate the emissions of seven pollutants: NO, NO2, CO, SO2, CO2, HC and particulate matter &lt;10ì nationwide during the 2003 fire season. Also was estimated the surface that was not affected by fires thanks to the firefighting activity, and the emissions prevented. The affected area (official CONAFOR data) and the prevented area (discounting in this last the affected area), were multiplied by the forest fuels load for each type of major ecosystem (perennifolious and subperennifolious tropical forest, caducifolious tropical forest, shrublands, conifer forests, broad leaf forests, grasslands), and by a consumption factor for each ecosystem type and type of forest fire. In the case of subterraneous fires was considered the consumption of part of the soil organic matter. The result was multiplied by the emission factor of each contaminant. The avoided surfaces were obtained ith GIS, considering the presence of natural and artificial barriers to the fire. The total emission for the country was 6,156,196 t, and the prevented emissions equaled 131,249,780 t. Presently, the public health is another criteria to be considered in the fire management policies.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fuego]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[contaminación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[humos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cambio climático global]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[bióxido de carbono.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fire]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pollution]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[smokes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[global climatic change]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[carbon dioxide]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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