<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2007-3364</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Therya]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Therya]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2007-3364</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociación Mexicana de Mastozoología A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2007-33642016000300407</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12933/therya-16-412</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Distribution and current state of knowledge of Hoffmann's two-toed sloth ( Choloepus hoffmanni ) in Colombia, with comments on the variations of its external morphological traits]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Distribución y estado actual del conocimiento del perezoso de dos dedos de Hoffmann ( Choloepus hoffmanni ) en Colombia, con comentarios sobre sus variaciones morfológicas externas]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Plese]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tinka]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reyes-Amaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nicolás]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro-Vásquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leyn]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giraldo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sebastian]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feliciano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Orlando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Fundación AIUNAU  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Unidad Ejecutora Lillo (CONICET-FML)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A03">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Atlántico Facultad de Ciencias Básicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Barranquilla ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A04">
<institution><![CDATA[,Fundación Bioandina Colombia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Guasca ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>407</fpage>
<lpage>421</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2007-33642016000300407&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2007-33642016000300407&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2007-33642016000300407&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Hoffmann's two-toed sloth (Choloepus hoffmanni) has been extensively studied since the 1940s in some countries across its distribution range. However, several aspects of its biology remain unexplored or have been described superficially. This study updated the geographic distribution of this sloth species in Colombia, describing external traits of specimens that inhabit different areas of the country. Additionally, a revision of the current state of knowledge of this species in Colombia was conducted, with a focus on the identification of information gaps and the major threats affecting this species. An updated map of the distribution of C. hoffmanni in Colombia was elaborated, including the distribution reported by IUCN, the records of specimens received in the Xenarthra center for rescue and rehabilitation (CRRX, for its acronym in Spanish; primary information), the wildlife care centers of the Autonomous Regional Corporations (CARs, for its acronym in Spanish), and records of biological collections available online (secondary information). CRRX specimens were examined externally, and the external morphological characteristics (skull and body shape; pelage color, length and density) were described. A comprehensive literature review was performed, compiling studies conducted over the last two decades on this species in Colombia, analyzing their respective contributions to its knowledge. The records obtained provide localities of occurrence for the species not previously recognized by IUCN, in 54 municipalities of 12 departments of Colombia. There are external morphological patterns defining lowland (interandean valleys and Caribbean region), highland (Colombian Andes) and Colombian Pacific populations. The biggest information gaps regard demography, distribution and genetics. The main threats identified are habitat loss (infrastructure construction, forest clearance) and removal of specimen (illegal trade). The localities of occurrence obtained confirm the distribution of this species in areas previously suggested at the north and center of the Cordillera Occidental, Cordillera Central and Cauca River valley, besides the north, center and south of the Cordillera Oriental, Piedemonte Llanero, and the southern Magdalena River valley. The external revision of specimens from the CRRX shows that although it is impossible to derive clear taxonomic inferences from the evidence collected, pelage color, length and density are the most representative external traits that differentiate lowland, highland and Pacific Colombian populations. The prioritization of issues such as the conservation status and threats in the investigation of this species in Colombia during the last twenty years have relegated key aspects such as demography, distribution, taxonomy and genetics, a fact that poses a challenge for the execution of proper management actions in the country.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: El perezoso de dos dedos de Hoffmann (Choloepus hoffmanni) ha sido ampliamente estudiado desde la década de 1940 en algunos países de su distribución. Sin embargo, aún son varios los aspectos de su biología que permanecen inexplorados o vagamente descritos. En el presente estudio se realiza una actualización de la distribución geográfica de este perezoso en Colombia, describiendo caracteres externos de ejemplares para diferentes zonas del país. Adicionalmente se realiza un recuento del estado actual de su conocimiento en Colombia, con un enfoque dirigido hacia la identificación de vacíos de información y sus principales amenazas. Se realizó un mapa actualizado de la distribución de C. hoffmanni en Colombia, incluyendo la realizada por la UICN, los registros de ejemplares recibidos por el Centro de Rescate y Rehabilitación de Xenarthras (CRRX, información primaria), los centros de atención y valoración de fauna de las Corporaciones Autónomas Regionales (CARs), y los registros de colecciones biológicas disponibles en línea (información secundaria). Se examinaron externamente los ejemplares del CRRX, describiendo caracteres morfológicos externos (forma del cráneo y torso, color, largo y densidad del pelaje). Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica exhaustiva, compilando estudios realizados durante las últimas dos décadas sobre esta especie en Colombia, analizando sus aportes al conocimiento de la misma. Los registros obtenidos aportan localidades de ocurrencia de la especie anteriormente no consideradas por la UICN, en 54 municipios de 12 departamentos de Colombia. Existen patrones morfológicos externos definiendo poblaciones de tierras bajas (valles interandinos y el Caribe), altas (Andes colombianos) y del Pacífico colombiano. Los principales vacíos de información están asociados a aspectos de su demografía, distribución y genética. Las principales amenazas identificadas son la pérdida de hábitat (construcción de infraestructura, tala del bosque) y la extracción de individuos (tráfico ilegal de ejemplares). Las localidades de ocurrencia obtenidas confirman la distribución de esta especie en zonas previamente sugeridas sobre el norte y centro de la Cordillera Occidental, Cordillera Central y valle interandino del río Cauca, además del norte, centro y sur de la Cordillera Oriental, el piedemonte llanero, y sur del valle interandino del río Magdalena. La revisión externa de los ejemplares obtenidos por el CRRX muestra que si bien no es posible establecer inferencias taxonómicas claras con la evidencia recopilada, el color, longitud y densidad del pelaje son los caracteres externos más representativos que están diferenciando poblaciones de tierras bajas, altas y del Pacífico colombiano. La priorización de aspectos como el estado de conservación y amenazas en la investigación de esta especie en Colombia durante los últimos veinte años ha ocasionado que aspectos cruciales como su demografía, distribución, taxonomía y genética hayan sido relegados, hecho que representa un desafío para la formulación de medidas correctas de manejo en el país.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Choloepus hoffmanni]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[conservation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[distribution]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[population density]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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