<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2007-2422</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Tecnología y ciencias del agua]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Tecnol. cienc. agua]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2007-2422</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Coordinación de Comunicación, Participación e Información]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2007-24222020000100132</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24850/j-tyca-2020-01-04</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Fragility curves for hardfill dams under seismic loading Curvas de fragilidad para presas de hardfill bajo carga sísmica]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hurtado-López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Grissel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mayoral-Villa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>132</fpage>
<lpage>168</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2007-24222020000100132&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2007-24222020000100132&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2007-24222020000100132&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Hardfill dams are comprised of cemented granular materials gathered directly from the river bed or its surroundings, or which are by-product of the dam excavation. This fact leads to significant variations in as-built strengths and deformability parameters within the dam body. In this paper, a numerical approach is applied to derive fragility curves for hardfill dams under seismic loading. Fragility curves describe the probability of a structure to experience a certain damage level for a given earthquake intensity measure, providing a relationship between seismic hazard and vulnerability. Both static and seismic responses of the hardfill dam are assessed using tridimensional finite difference analyses carried out with the software FLAC3D, considering increasing levels of seismic intensity. The fragility curves are estimated in terms of peak ground acceleration at the free field, based on the evolution of damage with increasing earthquake intensity. The proposed fragility models allow to characterize the seismic risk of representative hardfill dam typologies and foundation conditions considering the associated uncertainties, and partially fill the gap of data required in performing a risk analysis of this type of dams.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Las presas de hardfill están construidas con materiales granulares cementados recolectados directamente del cauce del río y sus alrededores, o producto de excavaciones para la construcción de la presa. Este hecho conduce a variaciones significativas en la resistencia y los parámetros de deformación en la construcción del cuerpo de la presa. En este artículo se aplica un enfoque numérico para obtener curvas de fragilidad de presas de hardfill bajo carga sísmica. Las curvas de fragilidad describen la probabilidad de una estructura a experimentar un cierto nivel de daño para una intensidad de sismo dada, proporcionando una relación entre el riesgo sísmico y la vulnerabilidad. Las respuestas estática y sísmica de la presa de hardfill se evalúan usando un análisis tridimensional de diferencias finitas realizado con el software FLAC  3D , considerando diferentes niveles crecientes de intensidad sísmica. Las curvas de fragilidad se estiman en términos de la aceleración máxima del terreno en el campo libre, PGA  ff , basadas en la evolución del daño con el incremento en la intensidad sísmica. Los modelos de fragilidad propuestos permiten caracterizar el riesgo sísmico de presas de hardfill con esta tipología y de las condiciones del suelo, considerando las incertidumbres asociadas, y llena parcialmente la brecha de datos requerida para realizar un análisis de riesgo de este tipo de presas]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Hardfill dams]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fragility curves]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[vulnerability]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[risk analysis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[presas de hardfill]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[curvas de fragilidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[vulnerabilidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[análisis de riesgo]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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