<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2007-2422</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Tecnología y ciencias del agua]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Tecnol. cienc. agua]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2007-2422</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Coordinación de Comunicación, Participación e Información]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2007-24222019000500126</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24850/j-tyca-2019-05-05</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Análisis temporal de sequías (1922-2016) en la cuenca alta del río Nazas usando el SPI y su relación con ENSO]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Temporal analysis of droughts (1922-2016) in the upper Nazas River Basin using SPI and its relationship with ENSO]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Esquivel-Arriaga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gerardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cerano-Paredes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Julián]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Cohen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ignacio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velásquez-Valle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Miguel Agustín]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flores-López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bueno-Hurtado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Palmira]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, México  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Stockholm Environment Institute  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>United States</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<fpage>126</fpage>
<lpage>153</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2007-24222019000500126&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2007-24222019000500126&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2007-24222019000500126&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El Índice Estandarizado de Precipitación (SPI) permite medir la severidad de la sequía durante un periodo de tiempo determinado. El objetivo general de este trabajo fue generar series del SPI para la cuenca alta del río Nazas y analizar la influencia del fenómeno climático El Niño-Oscilación del Sur (ENSO, por sus siglas en inglés) en la modulación de la variabilidad del SPI. Se consideraron los datos mensuales de precipitación de 17 estaciones distribuidas en la cuenca. Se generó el SPI a escala temporal de 12 meses para las 17 estaciones; se determinó una variabilidad común para 15 de las 17 series. Se logró generar una serie regional de SPI para el periodo 1922-2016, de la cual las sequías de mayor severidad en la cuenca se registraron en las décadas de 1950 y 2000. El análisis espectral de coherencia de ondeletas entre el SPI y el índice de El Niño 3.4 indica una relación en fase para los periodos secos y lluviosos registrados en 1920-1930, 1950 y de 1980 a 2005, los cuales han sido influenciados de manera significativa (p &lt; 0.05) por la ocurrencia de ENSO en periodos de 2 a 7 años, 2 a 3 años y de 10 a 14 años, respectivamente. El conocimiento de la influencia del ENSO en la modulación de la variabilidad climática a nivel de cuenca representa información esencial para implementar estrategias de manejo de los recursos hídricos y prevenir riesgos a corto plazo en las actividades destinadas a la producción de insumos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) allows measuring the severity of the drought during a given period. The main objective of this was to generate SPI series for the upper Nazas River Basin and to analyze the ENSO (El Niño-Southern Oscillation), climatic phenomenon influence on the modulation of the SPI variability. The monthly precipitation data of 17 stations distributed in the basin were taken into account. The SPI was generated for a 12-month time scale of the 17 stations where a common variability was determined in15 out of the 17 series. A regional series of SPI for the period 1922-2016 was generated, in wich the most severe drought in the basin was recorded in the 1950s and 2000s. The spectral coherence of waves analysis between the SPI and the El Niño 3.4 index indicates a relationship for the dry and wet periods recorded in 1920-1930, 1950 and from 1980 to 2005 with a statistically significant influenced (p&lt;0.05) due to occurrence of ENSO in periods of 2 to 7 years, 2 to 3 years and 10 to 14 years, respectively. The knowledge of the ENSO influence on the modulation of the climatic variability at the basin level, represents critical information to implement water resources management strategies and to prevent short-term risks in the activities destined to the inputs&#8217; production.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[índice de sequía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[severidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hidrología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[riesgo climático]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Drought index]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[severity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hydrology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[climatic risk]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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