<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2007-2422</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Tecnología y ciencias del agua]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Tecnol. cienc. agua]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2007-2422</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Coordinación de Comunicación, Participación e Información]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2007-24222016000300019</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Humedales construidos para tratamiento y reúso de aguas servidas en Chile: reflexiones]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse in Chile: Reflections]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ismael]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jorquera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Camila]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vidal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gladys]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Recursos Hídricos (CIDERH)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Concepción  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>19</fpage>
<lpage>35</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2007-24222016000300019&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2007-24222016000300019&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2007-24222016000300019&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este trabajo tuvo por objetivo analizar el tratamiento de aguas servidas para Chile, como ejemplo de país en vía de desarrollo, discutiendo sobre la participación y desarrollo de los humedales construidos (HC), abordando la realidad actual, junto a los desafíos técnicos y normativos, que permitan un aumento de su aplicación, y la reutilización de efluentes en riego de actividades agrícolas. Para esto, se realiza una discusión y análisis de reportes oficiales, bibliografía y normativa. Los resultados mostraron que Chile tiene una cobertura de tratamiento de 100% en zonas urbanas. Sin embargo, para las áreas rurales, la cobertura alcanza como máximo 20%. Pese a que existen más de 800 PTAS, los HC tienen una participación minoritaria, inferior a 2%, utilizados sólo en PTAS descentralizadas de la zona centro como tratamiento secundario. Los HC instalados fueron competitivos en costos de construcción y operación. Así, HC experimentales mostraron un desempeño depurativo similar al de sistemas de lodos activados. Esto haría a los HC una tecnología atractiva de implementar en PTAS descentralizadas. Para esto, se analizaron propuestas de PTAS basadas en HC; también se realizaron propuestas de secuencias de tratamiento por zona geográfica, pero existen desafíos por vencer y que se discuten en este artículo. Finalmente, la reutilización de efluentes demanda de más estudio e investigación, así como de un marco regulatorio específico. Además, se necesita la definición de temas jurídicos y de incentivos. Estos puntos serían similares a otros de países en vías de desarrollo.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This work aimed to analyze the wastewater treatment in Chile, as example of developing country, for discussing the participation and development of Constructed Wetlands (CW), addressing the current situation besides technical and regulatory challenges that allow increasing in their application, and water reuse of their effluents in irrigation activities. For this, official reports, scientific and regulatory information were discussed and analyzed. The results showed that Chile has a treatment coverage of 100% in urban areas. However, in rural areas the coverage is below 20%. Although there more than 800 WWTP, the CW have a minority participation below 2%, and CW were used only in decentralized WWTP as secondary treatment. CW were competitive in construction and operation cost. Likewise, experimental CW showed similar depurative performance than activated sludge systems. This would make to CW an attractive technology for descentralized WWTP. For this, WWTP proposals based on CW were analyzed, and new treatment sequences were also developed and discussed by area, but there are challenges to overcome. This challenges were discussed in this paper. Finally, wastewater reuse requires further research, as well as a specific regulatory framework. Furthermore, important definitions in legal and incentives issues are required. These points would be similar to other developing countries.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[conductividad eléctrica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[humedales construidos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[materia orgánica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[patógenos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[reúso]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Electrical conductivity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[constructed wetlands]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[organic matter]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pathogens]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[reuse]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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