<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2007-1124</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de ciencias pecuarias]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. de cienc. pecuarias]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2007-1124</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2007-11242021000300789</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22319/rmcp.v12i3.5577</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[In vitro methane production and fermentative parameters of wild sunflower and elephant grass silage mixtures, either inoculated or not with epiphytic lactic acid bacteria strains]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Producción de metano in vitro y parámetros fermentativos de mezclas de ensilado de girasol silvestre y pasto elefante, inoculadas o no con cepas de bacterias ácido-lácticas epífitas]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amparo-Holguín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vilma]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cuchillo-Hilario]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mario]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mazabel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Johanna]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quintero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Steven]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Siriwan]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora-Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jairo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,National University of Colombia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Palmira ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Tolima  Livestock Agroforestry System Research Group]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ibagué ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán Departamento de Nutrición Animal Fernando Pérez-Gil Romo ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Estado de México]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,The Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cali ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>789</fpage>
<lpage>810</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2007-11242021000300789&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2007-11242021000300789&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2007-11242021000300789&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The present investigation was carried out to determine the extent of the incorporation of Tithonia diversifolia (TD) and the possibility of blending it with Pennisetum purpureum (PP) to obtain the maximum benefit for ensilability and for animal nutrition. Silage mixtures of wild sunflower (TD) and elephant grass (PP) were evaluated based on chemical composition, quantification of gas production, methane release and fermentation parameters. The silage blends were arranged in four T. diversifolia / P. purpureum proportions, namely: 100/0; 67/33; 33/67; and 0/100 (fresh weight). Silages with higher proportions of T. diversifolia increased crude protein content, in vitro digestibility while decreasing NDF and ADF fractions (P&lt;0.05). High amounts of T. diversifolia showed the lowest gas production values (160.2 ml), while treatments with higher grass inclusion produced a greater amount of gas up to 194.5 ml. Methane production was higher by increasing the proportion of P. purpureum into the silage blends. The silage inoculum did not have any impact on in vitro gas production (P&lt;0.05). Also, higher proportions of T. diversifolia reduced acidification process while P. purpureum inclusion facilitated lower pH values. Lactic acid bacteria inoculum tended to decrease pH of silages but no clear effects on silage temperature were observed. Silages with high proportions of T. diversifolia (67 % of inclusion) would be more palatable for animals and might also translate into larger animal performance due to greater protein supply and better digestibility than silages with larger proportion of P. purpureum (67 and 100 % of inclusion).]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La presente investigación se llevó a cabo para determinar el grado de incorporación de Tithonia diversifolia (TD) y la posibilidad de mezclarla con Pennisetum purpureum (PP) para obtener el máximo beneficio para la ensilabilidad y para la nutrición animal. Las mezclas de ensilado de girasol silvestre (TD) y pasto elefante (PP) se evaluaron en función de la composición química, la cuantificación de la producción de gas, la liberación de metano y los parámetros de fermentación. Las mezclas de ensilado se organizaron en cuatro proporciones de T. diversifolia / P. purpureum, a saber: 100/0; 67/33; 33/67; y 0/100 (peso fresco). Los ensilados con mayores proporciones de T. diversifolia aumentaron el contenido de proteína cruda, la digestibilidad in vitro al tiempo que disminuyeron las fracciones de FDN y FDA (P&lt;0.05). Las altas cantidades de T. diversifolia mostraron los valores de producción de gas más bajos (160.2 ml), mientras que los tratamientos con mayor incorporación de pasto produjeron una mayor cantidad de gas, hasta 194.5 ml. La producción de metano fue mayor al aumentar la proporción de P. purpureum en las mezclas de ensilado. El inóculo del ensilado no tuvo ningún impacto en la producción de gas in vitro (P&lt;0.05). Además, las proporciones más altas de T. diversifolia redujeron el proceso de acidificación, mientras que la inclusión de P. purpureum facilitó valores de pH más bajos. El inóculo de bacterias ácido-lácticas tendió a disminuir el pH de los ensilados, pero no se observaron efectos claros sobre la temperatura del ensilado. Los ensilados con proporciones altas de T. diversifolia (67 % de incorporación) serían más apetecibles para los animales y también podrían traducirse en un mayor rendimiento animal debido a un mayor suministro de proteínas y una mejor digestibilidad que los ensilados con mayor proporción de P. purpureum (67 y 100 % de incorporación).]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Gas production]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Inoculum]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ruminal fermentation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mexican sunflower]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Tropical forage]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Producción de gas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Inóculo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Fermentación Ruminal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Girasol mexicano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Forraje tropical]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nadeau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EMG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McAllister]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Contreras-Govea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Silage review: Recent advances and future uses of silage additives]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Dairy Sci]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>101</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>3980-4000</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Korn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roscher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pieper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schafft]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steinhöfel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of tannin extracts on protein degradation during ensiling of ryegrass or lucerne]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Grass Forage Sci]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>74</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>284-96</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peters]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schultze-Kraft]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[White]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fisher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[LivestockPlus: sustainable intensification of tropical forage-based systems for improving livelihood and environmental benefits]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Trop Grassl - Forr Trop]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>59-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holguín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz Grisalez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velasco Navia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora-Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Multi-criteria evaluation of 44 introductions of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray in Candelaria, Valle del Cauca]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Med Vet Zoot]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<page-range>6257-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mauricio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ribeiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calsavara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tithonia diversifolia for ruminant nutrition]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Trop Grassl-Forr Trop]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>82-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vega]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanginés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escalera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Reemplazo de alfalfa con Tithonia diversifolia en corderos alimentados con ensilado de caña de azúcar y pulidura de arroz]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Mex Cienc Pecu]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>267-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ribeiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Terry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sacramento]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SRE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bento]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CBP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[da Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tithonia diversifolia as a supplementary feed for dairy cows]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PLoS One]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilkinson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RE.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ensiling in 2050: Some challenges and opportunities]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Grass Forage Sci]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>74</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>178-87</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holguín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cuchillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mazabel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SD.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[In-vitro assessment for ensilabillity of Tithonia diversifolia alone or with Pennisetum purpureum using epiphytic lactic acid bacteria strains as inocula]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Sci Anim Sci]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<page-range>1-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holguín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cuchillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mazabel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quintero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DJ.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of a Pennisetum purpureum and Tithonia diversifolia silage mixture on in vitro ruminal fermentation and methane emission in a RUSITEC system]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Mex Cienc Pecu]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>19-37</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bureenok]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yuangklang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vasupen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schonewille]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kawamoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effects of additives in napier grass silages on chemical composition, feed intake, nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Asian-Australas J Anim Sci]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>1248-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heinritz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Avila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hoedtke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effect of inoculant and sucrose addition on the silage quality of tropical forage legumes with varying ensilability. Anim]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Feed Sci Technol]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>174</volume>
<numero>3-4</numero>
<issue>3-4</issue>
<page-range>201-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hoedtke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Avila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heinritz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zeyner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of ensiling treatment on secondary compounds and amino acid profile of tropical forage legumes, and implications for their pig feeding potential]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Sci Food Agr]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>94</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1107-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rabelo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CHS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Basso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jorge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LGO]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Härter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Lactobacillus buchneri as a silage inoculant or probiotic on in vitro organic matter digestibility, gas production and volatile fatty acids of low dry-matter whole-crop maize silage]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Grass Forage Sci]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>72</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>534-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Macome]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pellikaan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schonewille]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bannink]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Laar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hendriks]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[In vitro rumen gas and methane production of grass silages differing in plant maturity and nitrogen fertilisation, compared to in vivo enteric methane production]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anim Feed Sci Technol]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<page-range>23096-102</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Posada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Noguera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RR.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Técnica in vitro de producción de gases: Una herramienta para la evaluación de alimentos para rumiantes (In vitro technique of gas production: A tool for feed assesment for ruminants)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Livest Res Rural Dev]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Theodorou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Williams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dhanoa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McAllan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[France]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A simple gas production method using a pressure transducer to determine the fermentation kinetics of ruminant feeds]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anim Feed Sci Technol]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>185-97</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tilley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JMA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Terry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A two stage technique for in vitro digestion of forage crops]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Grass Forage Sci]]></source>
<year>1963</year>
<page-range>18104-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albores-Moreno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alayón-Gamboa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miranda-Romero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alarcón-Zúñiga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez-Ferrer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ku-Vera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of tree foliage supplementation of tropical grass diet on in vitro digestibility and fermentation, microbial biomass synthesis and enteric methane production in ruminants]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Trop Anim Health Prod]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>893-904</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ku-Vera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valencia-Salazar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piñeiro-Vázquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molina-Botero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arroyave-Jaramillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montoya-Flores]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Determination of methane yield in cattle fed tropical grasses as measured in open-circuit respiration chambers]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Agric Forest Meteorol]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>258</volume>
<page-range>3-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MN.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dietary manipulation: a sustainable way to mitigate methane emissions from ruminants]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anim Sci Technol]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>60</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vélez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gaona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HS.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Propiedades antimetanogénicas in vitro de algunas plantas adaptadas a las condiciones de sabana inundable del Departamento de Arauca, Colombia. (In vitro antimethanogenic properties of some plants adapted to the floodable savanna conditions of Arauca Department, Colombia)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Trop Subtrop Agroecosyst]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>335-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bezabih]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pellikaan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tolera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hendriks]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WH.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chemical composition and in vitro total gas and methane production of forage species from the Mid Rift Valley grasslands of Ethiopia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Grass Forage Sci]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>69</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>635-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navarro-Villa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O'Brien]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O'Kiely]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[In vitro rumen methane output of grasses and grass silages differing in fermentation characteristics using the gas-production technique (GPT)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Grass Forage Sci]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>68</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>228-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AK.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Recent advances in measurement and dietary mitigation of enteric methane emissions in ruminants]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Front Vet Sci]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>39</numero>
<issue>39</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gemeda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hassen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[In vitro fermentation, digestibility and methane production of tropical perennial grass species]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Crop Pasture Sci]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>65</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>479-88</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Park]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Rumen methanogens and mitigation of methane emission by anti-methanogenic compounds and substances]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Anim Sci Biotecnol]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hoedtke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zeyner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparative evaluation of laboratory-scale silages using standard glass jar silages or vacuum-packed model silages]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Sci Food Agr]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>91</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>841-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pieper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hoedtke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wensch-Dorendorf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Korn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wolf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zeyner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Validation of the Rostock fermentation test as an in vitro method to estimate ensilability of forages using glass jar model silages as a basis for comparison]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Grass Forage Sci]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>72</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>568-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van Soest]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robertson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lewis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BA.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Dairy Sci]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>74</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palmquist]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jenkins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TC.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Challenges with fats and fatty acid methods]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Anim Sci]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>81</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>3250-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JE.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Procedures for the two-stage in vitro digestion of for ages]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Nutrition research techniques for domestic and wild animals]]></source>
<year>1970</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Logan ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Utah State Univ]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>AOAC</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Determination of ash in animal feed. Official method 942.05]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<edition>18th</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Gaithersburg, DC. USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Association of Official Analytical Chemists]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[France]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dijkstra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dhanoa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lopez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bannink]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estimating the extent of degradation of ruminant feeds from a description of their gas production profiles observed in vitro:derivation of models and other mathematical considerations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Br J Nutr]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>83</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>143-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schofield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pitt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AN.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Kinetics of fiber digestion from in vitro gas production]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Anim Sci]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>72</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>2980-91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>36</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[II]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora-Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Estrada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piñeros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Kinetics of gas production of fodder of Moringa oleifera Lam grown in tropical dry forest areas from Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Agrofor Syst]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<label>37</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>InfoStat</collab>
<source><![CDATA[InfoStat]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Argentina ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Grupo InfoStat]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<label>38</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[La]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OO]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valenciaga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orozco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruíz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of the combination of Tithonia diversifolia and PP vc. Cuba CT-115 in the kinetics and gas production in vitro. (In spanish) Efecto de la combinación de Tithonia diversifolia y PP vc. Cuba CT-115 en la cinética y producción de gas in vitro]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Cubana Cienc Agrí]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<page-range>43149-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
