<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1870-6622</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[EconoQuantum]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[EconoQuantum]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1870-6622</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Guadalajara]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1870-66222025000100165</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18381/eq.v22i1.7356</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Measuring economic performance at municipal level from outer space: the case of Mexico]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Medición del desempeño económico a nivel municipal desde el espacio exterior: el caso de México]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez Grajeda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mauricio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Millán López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés Jerson]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Guadalajara Centro Universitario de Ciencias Económico Administrativas Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnologico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Guadalajara ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>165</fpage>
<lpage>183</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1870-66222025000100165&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1870-66222025000100165&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1870-66222025000100165&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Objective:  the aim of this paper is to assess whether economic performace at municipal level scatters across space and time within Mexican states.  Methodology:  we follow a two-step econometric strategy. The first step is to instrument for both GDP and GDP growth rates at municipal level by following Henderson et al. (2012)&#8217;s methodology. The second step is to regress a dynamic spatial econometric model by following Elhorst (2010)&#8217;s model specification and estimation strategy.  Limitations:  we consider 1) Distortions in luminosity data 2) Our results are based upon municipalities within state. We do not test spatial implications among municipalities that belong to different states.  Originality:  we partially follow Millán López and González Olivares (2024) research line notwithstanding, we go further to analyze spatial interactions at municipal level.  Conclusions:  our main findings are that economic performance of municipalities significantly depend upon their neighbor&#8217;s contemporaneous and lagged economic perfomance. Furthermore, this paper provides a specific estimate to approximate both GDP and GDP growth rates where there is lack of statistical sources; for example, metropolitan or coastal areas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Objetivo:  determinar si existe transmisión en el espacio y tiempo del desempeño económico de los municipios en México.  Metodología:  llevamos a cabo nuestras estimaciones en dos etapas. En la primera instrumentamos variables de desempeño económico con datos de luminosidad siguiendo a Henderson et al. (2012). En la segunda estimamos los parámetros del modelo dinámico-espacial de Elhorst (2010).  Limitaciones:  consideramos 1) Distorsiones por luminosidad 2) Nuestros resultados se basan en municipios pertenecientes al mismo estado. No cotemplamos municipios en estados diferentes.  Originalidad:  seguimos parcialmente el trabajo de Millán López and González Olivares (2024); sin embargo, nuestro trabajo analiza los datos a nivel municipal por estado. Además, enfocamos el desempeño económico en el PIB y en crecimiento del PIB.  Conclusiones:  nuestro pricipal hallazgo es la dependencia en el tiempo y espacio del desempeño económico entre municipios contiguos dentro de un mismo estado. Además, proporcionamos estimaciones para instrumentar desempeño económico en áreas de México donde la infrestructura económica es débil como zonas metropolitanas o costeras.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[spatial econometrics and economic performance and economic geography]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[C21,O47 y R12]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[econometría espacial y desempeño económico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[geografía económica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[C21,O47 y R12]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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