<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1870-3550</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Norteamérica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Norteamérica]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1870-3550</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Investigaciones sobre América del Norte]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1870-35502021000200009</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/cisan.24487228e.2021.2.473</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El origen de los mercados de emisiones. La mercantilización de la regulación ambiental para contaminantes aéreos en Estados Unidos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The Origin of Emissions Markets. The Commercialization Of Environmental Regulation for Air Pollutants in the United States]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vega Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ricardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>9</fpage>
<lpage>34</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1870-35502021000200009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1870-35502021000200009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1870-35502021000200009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este artículo describe el nacimiento de la regulación de contaminantes atmosféricos, así como su transformación, que de estar bajo control estatal transitó a un régimen basado en instrumentos de mercado. Muestra la paulatina mercantilización del abordaje de los problemas de contaminación aérea, cuyo origen se encuentra en Estados Unidos y que se condensó en la fundación de tres programas históricos: el Programa sobre Manejo de Emisiones (Emission Trading Program, 1982), el programa Promedio entre Refinerías (Average between Refineries, 1985) y el Programa sobre Lluvia Ácida (Acid Rain Program, 1995). Estos experimentos, dentro del régimen de regulación ambiental de comando y control, desembocaron en la conformación del primer mercado de emisiones atmosféricas contaminantes en la historia mundial y abrieron el camino de un nuevo régimen de regulación ambiental conocido como tope y comercio.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This article describes the birth of air pollutant regulation and its transformation, which, formerly under state control, moved on to a regime based on market instruments. The author shows the gradual commercialization of the approach to air pollution problems, whose origins can be traced to the United States, summarized in three different historic moments: the Emission Trading Program (1982), the Average between Refineries (1985), and the Acid Rain Program (1995). These experiments, in a framework of the command and control environmental regulatory regime, led to the creation of the first atmospheric contaminant emissions market in world history and opened up the road to the new &#8220;cap and trade&#8221; environmental regulatory regime.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[mercados de emisiones]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tope y comercio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[comando y control]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[política ambiental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[emissions market]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cap and trade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[command and control]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[environmental policy]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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