<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1870-3550</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Norteamérica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Norteamérica]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1870-3550</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Investigaciones sobre América del Norte]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1870-35502019000200067</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/cisan.24487228e.2019.2.376</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The Manufacturing Wage Gap: Mexico and the United States]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La brecha salarial en la manufactura: México y Estados Unidos]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carbajal-De-Nova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carolina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>67</fpage>
<lpage>94</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1870-35502019000200067&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1870-35502019000200067&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1870-35502019000200067&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The main purpose of this article is to estimate the pace and extent of the manufacturing wage gap between Mexican and U.S. production and nonsupervisory workers. It also evaluates a main tenet of international trade, putting to the test the factor price equalization (FPE) theorem for the pre-NAFTA (North America Free Trade Agreement) period of 1987-1994 and two NAFTA sub-periods, 1995-2006 and 2007-2013. According to the aforementioned theorem, trade openness should render wages in both countries comparable and eventually convergent. The estimation technique used to test this theorem relies on an error correction model in a time series setting, using monthly data. The introduction of a real exchange rate as an exogenous variable becomes relevant. The author finds a substantial wage gap between production workers in the two countries, as convergence has not taken place. As a result, the FPE theorem is not valid for the present case. The wage gap between production workers continues to be substantial, with a tendency to expand.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El propósito principal de este artículo es calcular el ritmo y extensión de la brecha salarial en el sector manufacturero para los trabajadores de la producción y no supervisores entre México y Estados Unidos. Se evalúa también un principio fundamental del comercio internacional: el teorema de igualación del precio de los factores (IPF), que se puso a prueba desde el periodo previo al Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte (TLCAN) entre 1987 y 1994, y durante los dos subperiodos del TLCAN, esto es, 1995-2006 y 2007-2013. Siguiendo el teorema mencionado, la apertura comercial debería rendir salarios comparables en ambos países, y eventualmente convergirían. La técnica de cálculo empleada para probar este teorema se basa en un modelo de corrección de errores por medio del ajuste de una serie temporal, usando datos mensuales. Es relevante la introducción de una tasa de cambio real como variable exógena. Se encontró una sustancial brecha salarial entre los trabajadores de la producción, además de que no se ha dado convergencia alguna; en suma, el teorema IPF no es válido para este caso. La brecha salarial entre los trabajadores de la producción sigue siendo sustancial, con tendencia a ampliarse.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[wage gap]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mexico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[United States]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[NAFTA]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[factor price equalization theorem]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[brecha salarial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[México]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Estados Unidos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[TLCAN]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[teorema de igualación del precio de los factores (IPF)]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
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