Spectrophotometric Determination of Citalopram Hydrobromide in Pharmaceuticals
Badiadka Narayana* and Kunnummel Veena
Department of Post Graduate Studies and Research in Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri – 574 199, Karnataka, India. Fax: +91–824–2287367. nbadiadka@yahoo.co.uk.
Received November 11, 2009
Accepted April 26, 2010
Abstract
Simple, rapid and sensitive methods are described for the spectrophotometric determination of citalopram hydrobromide (CIT) in pharmaceuticals. The method A is based on the oxidation of citalopram by a known excess of bromate–bromide mixture in hydrochloric acid medium, reduction of the residual oxidant by a fixed amount of iron(II) and the formation of iron(III)–thiocyanate–complex which is measured at 480 nm. In the method B, 1,10–phenanthroline is used as a complexing agent and the formation of iron(II)–1,10–phenanth–roline, which is measured at 510 nm. The system obeys Beer's law in the concentration range of 1.0–7.0 µg mL–1 of CIT for method A and 0.6–6.2 µg mL–1 of CIT for method B. No interference observed from common pharmaceutical adjuvants. Both methods are equally precise as shown by the relative standard deviation values less than 2%. The apparent molar absorptivities and Sandell's sensitivity for method A and B are found to be 2.10 × 104 L mol–1 cm–1, 0.019 µg cm–2 , 7.30 × 104 L mol–1 cm–1 and 5.5 × 10–3 µg cm–2, respectively. The methods have been successfully applied to the determination of citalopram hydrobromide in pure and dosage forms.
Keywords: Citalopram hydrobromide, spectrophotometry, bromate–bromide mixture, thiocyanate, 1,10–phenanthroline.
Resumen
Se describen dos métodos, simples y rápidos para la determinación espectrofotométrica del bomhidrato de citalopram (CIT) en fármacos. El método A está basado en la oxidación de citalopram mediante un exceso de mezcla bromato–bromuro en un medio de ácido clorhídrico, así como de la reducción del oxidante residual por una cantidad de hierro(II), y la formación del complejo de hierro(III)–tiocianato, el cual se determina a 480 nm. En el método B, se emplea la 1.10–fenantrolina como agente complejante, y la formación de hierro(II)–1,10–fenantrolina se determina a 510 nm. El sistema obedece la ley de Beer en un intervalo de concentración de 1.0–7.0 µg mL–1 de CIT para el método A, y de 0.6–6.2 µg mL–1 de CIT para el método B. No se observa interferencia de la parte de aditivos farmacéuticos. Ambos métodos son igualmente precisos como lo muestran los valores menores de 2% de desviación estándar relativa. Se encuentran valores de 2.10 × 104 L mol–1 cm–1, 0.019 µg cm–2 , 7.30 × 104 L mol–1 cm–1 y 5.5 × 10–3 µg cm–2 para las absortividades molares y la sensibilidad de Sandell para los métodos A y B, respectivamente. Los métodos fueron utilizados exitosamente para la determinación de bromhidrato de citalopram en forma pura o en dosificación.
Palabras Claves: Bromhidrato de citalopram, espectrofotometría, mezcla bromato–bromuro, tiocianato, 1,10–fenantrolina.
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