<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-952X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Economía UNAM]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Economía UNAM]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-952X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-952X2015000200003</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Las ciudades latinoamericanas en la economía mundial: la geografía de centralidad económica y sus transformaciones recientes]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Latin America cities in the world economy: economic geography of centrality and its recent transformations]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parnreiter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Christof]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Hamburgo Geografía Económica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Germany</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>35</numero>
<fpage>3</fpage>
<lpage>22</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-952X2015000200003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-952X2015000200003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-952X2015000200003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[En este artículo se analiza la posición de América Latina en la economía mundial y como ha cambiado en el transcurso del crisis de 2008/2009. Yendo más allá de los rankings habituales del PIB, se hará énfasis en la geografía de la centralidad económica. Se conceptualiza centros económicos como ciudades que concentran las actividades económicas relativamente monopolizadas. Una manifestación particular de core-ness económico son las ciudades globales. En el artículo se analizan datos sobre la localización de las empresas más grandes del mundo (Forbes Global 2000), el valor añadido bruto en los servicios al productor en 126 ciudades en todo el mundo, y la 'Global Network Connectivity' (GNC) de las ciudades globales calculado por GaWC (Globalization and World City Study Group). Los resultados muestran, primero, que en cuanto al poder económico formal, las ciudades latinoamericanas quedan marginales, aunque lograron mejorar su posición en el curso de la reciente crisis de la economía mundial. Segundo, los datos también revelan que São Paulo y la Ciudad de México contienen clusteres importantes de servicios al productor lo que las hace nodos importantes para la organización y la gestión de cadenas productivas globales. Sin embargo, para una discusión de la posición de América Latina en la centralidad de la economía mundial es clave comprender que los actores del poder organizativo y globalizador de sus ciudades en muchos casos son oficinas locales de empresas globales. Por eso se puede concluir que la centralidad que algunas ciudades latinoamericanas tienen en la economía mundial resulta de sus relaciones exógenas más que de su potencia endógena]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[In this paper I analyze the position of Latin America in the world economy and how it has change during the crisis of 2008/9. Going beyond the usual rankings of the GDP, the paper emphasizes the geography of economic centrality. Economic centers are conceptualized as cities which concentrate economic activities which are relatively monopolized. One particular manifestation of this core-ness are the global cities. In this paper data on the localization of the world´s biggest companies (Forbes Global 2000) are as well analyzed as data on gross value added in producer services in 126 cities around the world and the Global Network Connectivity (GNC) of the global cities, as calculated by GaWC (Globalization and World City Study Group). The results show, firstly, that as regards formal economic power Latin American cities remain marginal, though they succeeded to improve their position during the recent economic crisis. Secondly, data also show that São Paulo and Mexico City have important clusters of producer services, what makes them important nodes in the organization and governance of commodity chains. However, for a discussion of the position of Latin America in the economic centrality of the world economy it is crucial to understand that the agents in this organization and governance of commodity chains are in many cases local offices of global firms. This leads to the conclusion that the centrality that some Latin American cities have in the world economy results from their exogenous relations rather then from their endogenous economic potential.]]></p></abstract>
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