<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-7381</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ingeniería mecánica, tecnología y desarrollo]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ingenier. mecáni. tecnolog. desarroll]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-7381</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Ingeniería Mecánica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-73812016000100415</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Adaptation of Topologic Optimized Structures Based on Skeletonization]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendoza-San-Agustín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velázquez-Villegas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zepeda-Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Facultad de Ingeniería Centro de Diseño Mecánico e Innovación Tecnológica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Distrito Federal]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>415</fpage>
<lpage>421</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-73812016000100415&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-73812016000100415&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-73812016000100415&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: El diseño estructural basado en métodos de optimización es muy eficiente en la generación de estructuras de peso mínimo, máxima rigidez, etc.; sin embargo, tiene la desventaja de genera geometría muy complejas, cuya manufactura es difícil o imposible. Por ello, estas geometrías deben ser adaptadas a los procesos de manufactura, de tal forma que se obtienen soluciones de diseño viables. Durante el proceso de adaptación, varias de las características óptimas se pierden. Para minimizar esta pérdida se propone un método de adaptación, basado en esqueletonización, para soluciones topológicas. El objetivo es generar una estructura manufacturable a partir de una solución topológica, considerando miembros estructurales estándar. En este trabajo, se desarrolló un algoritmo para interpretar y adaptar soluciones topológicas. Esqueletonización se aplica para obtener una representación simplificada de la solución óptima, sin perder su topología. El resultado se transforma en un conjunto de líneas rectas unidad por vértices. Estas líneas son reemplazadas por miembros estándar de sección transversal parametrizada. Mediante optimización de forma las dimensiones de la sección transversal son definidas. Como ejemplo, se aplica el método al diseño de una viga corta en cantiléver, obteniendo una estructura completamente manufacturable, cuyas características topológicas son preservadas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: The structural design based on optimization methods is very efficient in generating structures of minimum weight, maximum stiffness, etc.; nevertheless, it has the disadvantage of producing very complex geometries, whose manufacture is difficult or unfeasible. Therefore, these geometries have to be adapted to manufacturing processes, obtaining in this way feasible design solutions. During this adaptation process, several optimal characteristics are lost. In order to minimize this loss the authors propose an adaptation method, based on skeletonization, for topological solutions. The objective is to generate a manufacturable structure from a topological solution considering standard structural members. In this work, an algorithm to interpret and adapt the topological solution was developed. Skeletonization is applied to obtain a simpler representation of the optimal solution without losing its topology. The result is transformed in a set of straight lines joined by vertices. These lines are replaced by standard members, whose cross-section is parameterized. By applying size optimization, the dimensions of this cross-section are defined. As an example the method is applied to design an optimal short cantilever beam, showing a final structure completely manufacturable, whose topological characteristics are preserved.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Diseño óptimo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[diseño estructural]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[esqueletonización]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Optimal Design]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Structural Design]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Skeletonization]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Artificial neural network based hole image interpretation techniques for integrated topology and shape optimization]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chyi-Yeu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shin-Hong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Computer methods in applied mechanics and engineering]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<numero>194</numero>
<issue>194</issue>
<page-range>3817-37</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Interpreting three-dimensional structural topology optimization results]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ming-Hsiu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yeh-Liang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Computers &amp; Structures]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<numero>83</numero>
<issue>83</issue>
<page-range>327-37</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Interpreting results from topology optimization using density contours]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yeh-Liang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ming-Sho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chuan-Tang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Computers &amp; Structures]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<numero>79</numero>
<issue>79</issue>
<page-range>1049-58</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steven]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Evolutionary structural optimization]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Springer]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Evolutionary Topology Optimization of Continuum Structures: Methods and Applications]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Wiley]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camacho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Grupo de diseño mecánico óptimo : diseño conceptual de un vehículo eléctrico de reparto, modelado como un monocasco]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Mexico, D.F. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UNAM, Facultad de Ingeniería]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonzalez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Woods]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Digital Image Processing]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New Jersey ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Pearson-Prentice Hall]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Skeleton Pruning by Contour Partitioning with Discrete Curve Evolution]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Latecki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<page-range>1-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sethian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Level set methods and fast marching methods]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<edition>2nd</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prinz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chern]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Geometric abstractions using medial axis transformation, Research Showcase]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Carnegie Mellon University]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Skeleton pruning by contour approximation and the integer medial axis transform]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solís Montero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jochen]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Computers &amp; Graphics]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<page-range>477-87</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bahtti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Fundamental finite element analysis and applications: with Mathematica and Matlab computations]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New Jersey ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[John Wiley & Sons Inc.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Querin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Evolutionary Structural Optimization: strees based formulation and implementation]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Australia ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Department of Aeronautical Engineering, University of Sydney]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
