Xylanolytic system proteins desorption from Aspergillus flavipes FP-500 cultures with agrowastes

Desorción de proteínas del sistema xilanolítico de Aspergillus flavipes FP-500 producidas en cultivos con residuos agro-industriales

L.R. Torres-Barajas y G. Aguilar-Osorio*

Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología. Conjunto E, Facultad de Química. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). (Ciudad Universitaria. 04510 Coyoacán, México D.F. México. * Autor para la correspondencia. E-mail: gao@unam.mx.

Resumen

Las enzimas degradadoras de carbohidratos que los hongos del genero Aspergillus son capaces de producir, han cobrado gran interés debido, entre otras cosas, a su aplicación en los procesos de obtención de etanol a partir de materias primas de bajo costo, como los residuos agroindustriales. Buena parte de las proteínas del sistema xilanolítico secretadas durante el cultivo de Aspergillus flavipes FP-500 en olote de maíz son adsorbidas en el sólido residual, a diferencia de las que se producen en cultivos con salvado de trigo, donde prácticamente no se adsorben. La recuperación de proteínas con soluciones de lavado a partir de ambos residuos indica que el incremento del pH favorece la desorción de las proteínas. Así mismo, la adsorción de las proteínas del sistema xilanolítico es más selectiva en salvado de trigo que en olote de maíz y puede verse influenciada por más de un mecanismo, ya que además de la adsorción debida a la interacción aleatoria de las proteínas con la superficie de los residuos, estas también podrían establecer interacciones específicas con ciertas regiones expuestas de los polisacáridos debidos a la presencia de dominios de unión a carbohidrato en la secuencia de algunas de las proteínas involucradas.

Palabras clave: xilanasas, olote de maíz, proteína, desorción, Aspergillus.

Abstract

Carbohydrate degrading enzymes produced by fungus such as Aspergillus are interesting due to its application into process of ethanol production using cheap materials such as agro-wastes. Proteins of xylanolytic system which are secreted during Aspergillus flavipes FP-500 culture with corn cobs as a carbon source, are adsorbed in the solid matrix of cobs unlike wheat bran in which virtually are non-absorbed. Recovery of proteins with washing solutions from both agro-wastes and protein sequences of some of these proteins shows: that increase of pH improves protein desorption, adsorption of xylanolytic system proteins is pretty much selective in wheat bran than in corn cobs and the adsorption of that proteins could be influenced by random interaction between protein and polysaccharide surface as well as specific interactions of proteins with polysaccharides by carbohydrate binding domains of certain involved proteins.

Keywords: xylanases, corn cobs, protein, desorption, Aspergillus.

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