<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-1146</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-1146</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Salud, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-11462024000100016</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/bmhim.23000093</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Analysis of the changes in the management of preterm newborns born in a Spanish third-level hospital in the past 10 years]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Análisis de los cambios en el manejo de recién nacidos prematuros nacidos en un hospital español de tercer nivel en los últimos 10 años]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santiago-Souto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Mozo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rafael]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa-Romero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marta]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitario de Cabueñes Medicina de Familia y Comunitaria ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Gijon ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitario de Cabueñes Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Gijon ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Oviedo Departamento de Medicina ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Asturias ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>81</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>16</fpage>
<lpage>22</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-11462024000100016&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-11462024000100016&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-11462024000100016&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: Preterm newborns require the use of the best and most current strategies to treat and prevent both acute pathology and associated sequelae. This study aimed to compare the differences in the management of preterm newborns over 10 years in a tertiary hospital in Spain and its impact on height, weight, and neurological development in the medium term.  Methods: We conducted a retrospective, observational, and analytical study examining the management and clinical variables in preterm newborns under 32 weeks of gestational age who were born in our hospital in 2011 and 2021.  Results: Twenty-six newborns were included in the study. Significant differences in magnesium sulfate use, continuous positive airway pressure immediately after birth, and non-invasive mechanical ventilation during hospitalization were observed. Differences were found in the use of parenteral nutrition and the timing of initiation of enteral feeding. We did not observe differences in the neurological or weight evolution in the medium term.  Conclusions: Significant differences in managing preterm newborns in these 10 years were observed. Lower mortality and alterations in central nervous system ultrasound and, significantly, less growth retardation during admission in 2021 have been observed; however, it does not manifest with improvement in long-term somatometrics or neurological prognosis.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: La inmadurez de los recién nacidos pretérmino (RNP) requiere el empleo de las mejores y más actuales estrategias para tratar la patología aguda y prevenir sus eventuales secuelas asociadas. El objetivo planteado es comparar las diferencias en el manejo de RNP a lo largo de diez años en un hospital de tercer nivel en España y su impacto en el desarrollo neurológico y póndero-estatural a medio plazo.  Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, observacional y analítico examinando variables del manejo y clínicas de todos los RNP menores de 32 semanas de edad gestacional nacidos en nuestro hospital (nivel III-A) en 2011 y en 2021.  Resultados: Se incluyeron 26 infantes (2011: 10 niños, 2021: 16 niños). Observamos diferencias significativas en el uso prenatal de sulfato de magnesio, mayor uso de presión positiva continua en la vía aérea (CPAP) al ingreso y ventilación mecánica no invasiva durante el ingreso, retraso en el uso de surfactante, empleo de alimentación intravenosa e inicio precoz de la alimentación enteral. Existe una menor tasa de mortalidad y desnutrición postnatal en 2021. No observamos diferencias en la evolución neurológica o ponderal a medio plazo.  Conclusiones: Existen diferencias en el manejo de los prematuros en estos 10 años con mayor ajuste a las guías nacionales e internacionales vigentes. Esto se relaciona con menor mortalidad y alteraciones en la ecografía del sistema nervioso central y, significativamente, con un menor retraso en el crecimiento durante el ingreso en 2021; no se demostró mejoría del pronóstico somatométrico o neurológico a largo plazo.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Preterm newborn]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Neonatology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Surfactant]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Parenteral nutrition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Postnatal malnutrition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Recién nacido pretérmino]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Neonatología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Surfactante]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Nutrición parenteral]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Desnutrición postnatal]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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