<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-1146</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-1146</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Salud, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-11462023000400253</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/bmhim.23000066</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Central venous-to-arterial CO2 difference as a biomarker of outcome in children who underwent surgery for congenital heart disease]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Diferencia arteriovenosa de CO2 como biomarcador de desenlace en niños operados de cardiopatías congénitas]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castañuela-Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Violeta]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Benítez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Suárez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alfredo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luisa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zamora-Arámburo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Martha]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Cervantes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Aranza]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palacios-Macedo-Quenot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alexis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Pediatría Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Cardiovasculares ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Mexico City]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Kardias Kardias A.C ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Mexico City]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Pediatría División de Cirugía Cardiovascular ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Mexico City]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Pediatría Departamento de Metodología de Investigación ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Mexico City]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Regional de la Mujer de Puebla Unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Puebla ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital ABC Centro Pediátrico del Corazón ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Mexico City]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>80</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>253</fpage>
<lpage>259</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-11462023000400253&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-11462023000400253&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-11462023000400253&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: In congenital heart surgery, low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) is a major cause of morbidity in the immediate post-operative period. A decrease in cardiac output leads to an increase in tissue oxygen consumption. Several biomarkers such as venous oxygen saturation (SvO2), arteriovenous oxygen difference (DavO2), and lactate can assess tissue perfusion in the presence of LCOS. Recently, central venous to arterial CO2 difference (&#916;CO2) has been proposed as a biomarker of tissue ischemia that could be used as a predictor of death in neonatal patients. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between &#916;CO2 and immediate post-operative outcomes in pediatric patients undergoing congenital heart surgery and its correlation with DavO2, SvO2, and lactate.  Methods: We conducted a longitudinal study of patients aged 0-18 years who underwent congenital heart surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass at the Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, from March 2019 to March 2021.  Results: Eighty-two patients were included; the median age was 17 months. About 59% had a &#916;CO2 &#8805; 6 mmHg. Patients with &#916;CO2 &#8805; 6 mmHg had a vasoactive-inotropic score &gt; 5 (p &lt; 0.001), DavO2 &gt; 5 mL/dL (p = 0.048), and lactate &gt; 2 mmol/L (p = 0.027), as well as a longer hospital stay (p = 0.043). Patients with &#916;CO2 &gt; 6 mmHg and vasoactive-inotropic score &#8805; 10 were 12.6 times more likely to die.  Conclusion: &#916;CO2 is a good marker of tissue hypoperfusion and outcome in the post-operative period of congenital heart surgery.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: En la cirugía cardiaca de malformaciones congénitas, el síndrome de bajo gasto cardiaco (SBGC) es una de las principales causas de morbilidad en el postoperatorio inmediato. La caída del gasto cardiaco aumenta el consumo de oxígeno en los tejidos. Varios biomarcadores, como la saturación venosa de oxígeno (SvO2), la diferencia arteriovenosa de oxígeno (DavO2) y el lactato han sido utilizados como indicadores hipoperfusión tisular en presencia de SBGC. Recientemente, la diferencia arteriovenosa de CO2 (&#916;CO2) se ha propuesto como otro biomarcador de isquemia tisular que podría utilizarse como predictor de muerte en pacientes en edad neonatal. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la relación entre la &#916;CO2 y la evolución postoperatoria de pacientes pediátricos operados de cardiopatías congénitas y correlacionarlo con la DavO2, SvO2 y lactato.  Métodos: Se realizó un estudio longitudinal en pacientes de 0 a 18 años operados de corazón con empleo de bomba de circulación extracorpórea en el Instituto Nacional de Pediatría.  Resultados: Se incluyeron 82 pacientes; la mediana de edad fue de 17 meses. El 59% presentó un &#916;CO2 &gt; 6 mmHg. Los pacientes con un &#916;CO2 &gt; 6 mmHg mostraron un puntaje de inotrópicos &gt; 5 (p &lt; 0.001), DavO2 &gt; 5 mL/dL (p = 0.048) y lactato &gt; 2 mmol/L (p = 0.027), así como mayor estancia hospitalaria (p = 0.043). Los pacientes con &#916;CO2 &gt; 6 mmHg y un puntaje de inotrópicos &#8805; 10 presentaron una probabilidad de muerte 12.6 veces mayor.  Conclusiones: El &#916;CO2 en el periodo postoperatorio de una cirugía cardiaca congénita es un buen marcador de hipoperfusión tisular y de desenlace.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Central venous to arterial CO2 difference]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Congenital heart disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Tissue hypoperfusion]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Low cardiac output syndrome]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Diferencia arteriovenosa de CO2]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cardiopatías congénitas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Hipoperfusión tisular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Síndrome de bajo gasto cardiaco]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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