<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-1146</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-1146</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Salud, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-11462022000300187</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/bmhim.21000183</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Fluid overload as a predictor of morbidity and mortality in pediatric patients following congenital heart surgery]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Sobrecarga hídrica como predictor de morbilidad y mortalidad en pacientes pediátricos operados de corazón]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castañuela-Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Violeta]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Suárez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alfredo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Benítez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luisa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Jasso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guadalupe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Macedo-Quenot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alexis Palacios]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Pediatría Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Cardiovasculares ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico City ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Pediatría División de Cirugía Cardiovascular ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico City ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Pediatría Departamento de Metodología de Investigación ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico City ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ixtapaluca Estado de México]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>79</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>187</fpage>
<lpage>192</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-11462022000300187&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-11462022000300187&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-11462022000300187&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: Patients undergoing congenital heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass frequently require the administration of intravenous fluids and blood products due to hemodynamic instability. Correctly performed fluid resuscitation can revert the state of tissue hypoperfusion in the different organs. However, excessive fluid administration and acute kidney injury may promote fluid overload (FO) and increase the risk of complications, hospital stay, and mortality.  Methods: We conducted a prospective longitudinal study of pediatric patients with congenital heart surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass in the Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (PCICU), Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, from July 2018 to December 2019. Fluid overload was quantified every 24 hours during the first 3 days of stay at the PCICU and expressed as a percentage. We recorded PCICU stay, days of mechanical ventilation, and mortality as outcome variables.  Results: We included 130 patients. The main factors associated with fluid overload were age &lt; 1 year (p &lt; 0.001), weight &lt; 5 kg (p &lt; 0.001), and longer cardiopulmonary bypass time (p = 0.003). Patients with fluid overload &#8805; 5% had higher inotropic score (p &lt; 0.001), higher oxygenation index (p &lt; 0.001), and longer mechanical ventilation time (p &lt; 0.001). Fluid overload &#8805; 5% was associated with higher postoperative mortality (odds ratio 89, p = 0.004).  Conclusions: Fluid overload can be used as a prognostic factor in the evolution of pediatric patients undergoing congenital heart surgery since it is associated with increased morbidity and mortality.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: Los pacientes con cirugía cardiaca congénita en la que se emplea una bomba de circulación extracorpórea frecuentemente requieren la administración de líquidos intravenosos y hemoderivados por inestabilidad hemodinámica. La resucitación con volumen realizada adecuadamente puede revertir el estado de hipoperfusión tisular en los diferentes órganos. Sin embargo, el ingreso excesivo de líquidos y la falla renal aguda pueden favorecer la sobrecarga hídrica (SH) e incrementar el riesgo de complicaciones, la estancia hospitalaria y la mortalidad.  Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio prospectivo longitudinal de pacientes pediátricos con cirugía del corazón y empleo de bomba de circulación extracorpórea en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Cardiovasculares (UCICV), Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, de julio 2018 a diciembre 2019. La SH, registrada como porcentaje, fue cuantificada cada 24 horas durante los primeros 3 días de estancia en UCICV. Como variables de desenlace se registraron la estancia en UCICV, el tiempo de ventilación mecánica y la mortalidad.  Resultados: Se incluyeron 130 pacientes. Los principales factores asociados con la SH fueron la edad &lt; 1 año (p &lt; 0.001), peso &lt; 5 kg (p &lt; 0.001) y mayor tiempo de circulación extracorpórea (p = 0.003). Los pacientes con SH &#8805; 5% presentaron mayor puntaje inotrópico (p &lt; 0.001), mayor índice de oxigenación (p &lt; 0.001) y mayor tiempo de ventilación mecánica (p &lt; 0.001). La SH &#8805; 5% se asoció con una mayor probabilidad de muerte en el periodo posoperatorio (razón de momios: 89, p = 0.004).  Conclusiones: La SH puede utilizarse como factor pronóstico en la evolución de los pacientes pediátricos operados de corazón, ya que se asocia con una mayor morbimortalidad.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Congenital heart disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Fluid overload]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Oxygenation index]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cardiopatías congénitas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sobrecarga hídrica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Índice de oxigenación]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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