<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-1146</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-1146</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Salud, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-11462021000600557</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/bmhim.21000057</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Neutrophilic-lymphocytes and platelet-lymphocytes ratios as predictors for acute perforated appendicitis in children]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Relación neutrófilos-linfocitos y relación plaquetas-linfocitos como predictores para apendicitis aguda perforada en niños]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz-Vallejo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raquel N. De La]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quispe-Zaga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ely]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nieto-Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Wendy]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de San Cristóbal de Huamanga Escuela de Medicina Humana ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Perú</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Regional de Ayacucho Servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Perú</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Perú</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>78</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<fpage>557</fpage>
<lpage>564</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-11462021000600557&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-11462021000600557&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-11462021000600557&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: This study aimed to evaluate the neutrophil-lymphocyte (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte (PLR) ratios as markers of perforated appendicitis.  Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analytical study. We performed a secondary analysis of a population of pediatric patients who underwent appendectomy between 2017 and 2019 at the Regional Hospital of Ayacucho, Peru. Logistic regression models were used to analyze markers (NLR and PLR) and perforated appendicitis. Later, ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curves were constructed, and sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios were estimated.  Results: We identified 31% of perforated appendicitis in 203 patients. A significant association was observed between perforated appendicitis and NLR values &gt; 10.4 (odds ratio [OR]: 2.53; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.27-5.05) and PLR &gt; 284 (OR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.09-4.08) in the adjusted analysis. For these models, the areas under the curve were 0.74 (95% CI: 0.67 - 0.81) for both variables. With a cut-off point of 30% probability of perforated appendicitis, we observed sensitivity of 77.78% for both NLR and PLR (likelihood ratio +2.37 and +2.14, respectively), and specificity of 67.14% and 63.57% for NLR and PLR (likelihood ratio &#8722;0.33), respectively.  Conclusions: Our study showed a significant association between NLR and PLR and acute perforated appendicitis. Future studies should validate the model and corroborate the performance of these markers.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la relación neutrófilos-linfocitos (RNL) y la relación plaquetas-linfocitos (RPL) como marcadores de apendicitis perforada.  Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio analítico transversal. Se realizó el análisis secundario de una población de pacientes pediátricos sometidos a apendicectomía, entre 2017 y 2019, en el Hospital Regional de Ayacucho, Perú. Para el análisis de los marcadores (RNL y RPL) y la apendicitis perforada se utilizaron modelos de regresión logística, de los cuales se construyeron curvas ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) y se estimaron la sensibilidad, la especificidad y la razón de verosimilitud.  Resultados: Se identificó apendicitis perforada en el 31% de un total de 203 pacientes. Se observó una asociación significativa entre la apendicitis perforada y los valores &gt; 10.4 de RNL (razón de momios [RM]: 2.53; intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC 95%]: 1.27-5.05) y &gt; 284 de PLR (RM: 2.11; IC 95% 1.09 - 4.08) en el análisis ajustado. Para estos modelos, las áreas bajo la curva fueron de 0.74 (IC 95%: 0.67 &#8211; 0.81) para ambas variables. Con un punto de corte del 30% de probabilidad de apendicitis perforada se observa una sensibilidad del 77.78% tanto para RNL como para RPL (razón de verosimilitud +2.37 y +2.14, respectivamente), y una especificidad del 67.14% y el 63.57% para RNL y RPL (razón de verosimilitud &#8722;0.33).  Conclusiones: Este estudio mostró una asociación significativa de RNL y RPL y la apendicitis aguda perforada. Futuros estudios deberán validar el modelo elaborado y corroborar el desempeño de dichos marcadores.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Appendicitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Pediatrics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Neutrophils]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Blood platelets]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Lymphocyte count]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Apendicitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Pediatría]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Neutrófilos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Plaquetas sanguíneas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Recuento de linfocitos]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barrett ML Hines]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andrews]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Trends in rates of perforated appendix, 2001&#8211;2010]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[HCUP Statistical Brief #159]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rockville ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tseng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Acute abdomen in pediatric patients admitted to the pediatric emergency department]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatr Neonatol]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<page-range>126-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Papandria]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goldstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rhee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salazar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arlikar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gorgy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risk of perforation increases with delay in recognition and surgery for acute appendicitis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Surg Res]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>184</volume>
<page-range>723-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[XD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sullins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Range]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaji]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Virgilio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Factors predictive of complicated appendicitis in children]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Surg Res]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>206</volume>
<page-range>62-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Singh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kadian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rattan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jangra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Complicated appendicitis:analysis of risk factors in children]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Afr J Paediatr Surg]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<page-range>109-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Humes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simpson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Acute appendicitis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMJ]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>333</volume>
<page-range>530-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ebell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shinholser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[What are the most clinically useful cut-offs for the Alvarado and Pediatric Appendicitis Scores?A systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Emerg Med]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>64</volume>
<page-range>365-72.e2</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Glass]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rangel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Overview and diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Semin Pediatr Surg]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<page-range>198-203</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nathan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Neutrophils and immunity:challenges and opportunities]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nat Rev Immunol]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>173-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Balta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ozturk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Balta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Demirkol]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Demir]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Celik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and inflammation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angiology]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>67</volume>
<page-range>298-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rhee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Woo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seol]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte count ratio is associated with perforated appendicitis in elderly patients of emergency department]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aging Clin Exp Res]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<page-range>529-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sevinç]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[K&#305;nac&#305;]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Çakar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bayrak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Özakay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aren]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diagnostic value of basic laboratory parameters for simple and perforated acute appendicitis:an analysis of 3392 cases]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<page-range>155-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pehlivanl&#305;]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aydin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Role of platelet to lymphocyte ratio as a biomedical marker for the pre-operative diagnosis of acute appendicitis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Surg Infect (Larchmt)]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<page-range>631-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bessoff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Forrester]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Appendicitis in low-resource settings]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Surg Infect (Larchmt)]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<page-range>523-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kakembo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grabski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fitzgerald]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muzira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cheung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kisa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Burden of surgical infections in a tertiary-care pediatric surgery service in Uganda]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Surg Infect (Larchmt)]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<page-range>130-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shete]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thakar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abraham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paranjape]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A review on peripheral blood CD4+T lymphocyte counts in healthy adult Indians]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Indian J Med Res]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>132</volume>
<page-range>667-75</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Balta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Demirkol]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Unlu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arslan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Celik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio may be predict of mortality in all conditions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Br J Cancer]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>109</volume>
<page-range>3125-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Celik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nalcacioglu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ozcatal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Altuner Torun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Role of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in identifying complicated appendicitis in the pediatric emergency department]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<page-range>222-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Poudel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bhandari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risk factors for complications in acute appendicitis among paediatric population]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<page-range>145-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Song]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JY]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Different clinical features and lower scores in clinical scoring systems for appendicitis in preschool children:comparison with school-age onset]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<page-range>51-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Turel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mirapoglu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yuksel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ceylan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gultepe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Perforated appendicitis in children:antimicrobial susceptibility and antimicrobial stewardship]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Glob Antimicrob Resist]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<page-range>159-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rentea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SDS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Snyder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pediatric appendicitis:state of the art review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatr Surg Int]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<page-range>269-83</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boettcher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Günther]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Breil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Heidelberg Appendicitis Score predicts perforated appendicitis in children]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Pediatr (Phila)]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<page-range>1115-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salö]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ohlsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arnbjörnsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stenström]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Appendicitis in children from a gender perspective]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatr Surg Int]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<page-range>845-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sankaran-Walters]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Macal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grishina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nagy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goulart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coolidge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sex differences matter in the gut:effect on mucosal immune activation and inflammation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biol Sex Differ]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<page-range>10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramaekers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Theunissen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Went]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Acute lymphopenia, stress, and plasma cortisol]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Dis Child]]></source>
<year>1975</year>
<volume>50</volume>
<page-range>555-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grossbard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Desai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lemeshow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Teres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Lymphocytopenia in the surgical intensive care unit patient]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am Surg]]></source>
<year>1984</year>
<volume>50</volume>
<page-range>209-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Devuyst]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maldague]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Francois]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dekeuleneer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Michaux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Time-course of lymphopenia in gangrenous appendicitis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>338</volume>
<page-range>1074</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Livingston]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Woodward]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarosi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Disconnect between incidence of non-perforated and perforated appendicitis:implications for pathophysiology and management]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Surg]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>245</volume>
<page-range>886-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Balta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Demirkol]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Celik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kucuk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Unlu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arslan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Association between coronary artery ectasia and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angiology]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>64</volume>
<page-range>627-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stotz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gerger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eisner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Szkandera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Loibner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ress]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Increased neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio is a poor prognostic factor in patients with primary operable and inoperable pancreatic cancer]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Br J Cancer]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>109</volume>
<page-range>416-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Szkandera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Absenger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liegl-Atzwanger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pichler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stotz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Samonigg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Elevated preoperative neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio is associated with poor prognosis in soft-tissue sarcoma patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Br J Cancer]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>108</volume>
<page-range>1677-83</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Furuncuo&#287;lu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tulgar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dogan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cakar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tulgar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cakiroglu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[How obesity affects the neutrophil/lymphocyte and platelet/lymphocyte ratio, systemic immune-inflammatory index and platelet indices:a retrospective study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<page-range>1300-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Isik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Balcik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akdeniz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cipil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Uysal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kosar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Relationship between some clinical situations, autoantibodies, and pseudothrombocytopenia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Appl Thromb Hemost]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<page-range>645-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dunn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gross]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smyth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Platelets as immune mediators:their role in host defense responses and sepsis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Thromb Res]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>127</volume>
<page-range>184-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
