<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-9940</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Archivos de cardiología de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Arch. Cardiol. Méx.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-9940</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-99402025000200188</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/acm.24000183</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Elevated lipoprotein(a) and its association with early-onset myocardial infarction and coronary burden]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Lipoproteína(a) elevada y su asociación con el infarto de miocardio de aparición temprana y la carga coronaria]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Namitokov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alim]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Scientific Research Institute Kuban State Medical University ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Krasnodar ]]></addr-line>
<country>Russia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>95</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>188</fpage>
<lpage>193</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-99402025000200188&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-99402025000200188&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-99402025000200188&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Objectives: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with myocardial infarction (MI) representing one of the most severe manifestations. Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], a genetically influenced lipoprotein subclass, has gained attention for its role in atherogenesis and thrombogenesis. This study investigates clinical and demographic differences in early MI patients with varying Lp(a) levels, dividing them into two groups: Lp(a) &lt; 50 mg/dL and Lp(a) &#8805; 50 mg/dL. A retrospective analysis assessed demographic and clinical features, lipid profiles, and comorbidities.  Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted on 189 patients aged 18&#8211;55 years with early-onset MI. Patients were grouped by Lp(a) levels (&lt; 50 mg/dL, n = 109; &#8805; 50 mg/dL, n = 80). Clinical parameters analyzed included age at MI onset, number of affected coronary vessels, comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, smoking status), statin therapy, and lipid profiles (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, non-HDL, and LDL). Statistical comparisons and correlation analyses were performed to evaluate associations between Lp(a) levels and clinical features.  Results: Elevated Lp(a) levels (&#8805; 50 mg/dL) were associated with younger MI onset, greater vascular burden, and less frequent statin use. Patients with higher Lp(a) had higher BMI and lower HDL levels. Significant differences were observed in age at MI onset (p = 0.0026), number of affected vessels (p = 0.0001), smoking prevalence (p = 0.002), statin use (p &lt; 0.0001), BMI (p = 0.0061), triglycerides (p = 0.0121), and HDL levels (p &lt; 0.0001). A positive correlation between Lp(a) levels and the number of affected vessels (r = 0.303) was identified.  Conclusion: Elevated Lp(a) levels are strongly associated with younger age at MI onset, increased coronary involvement, and a pro-atherogenic lipid profile. These findings underscore the importance of Lp(a) as a biomarker for risk stratification in MI patients and highlight the need for targeted therapeutic approaches for individuals with high Lp(a) levels.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Objectivos: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV) siguen siendo una causa principal de morbilidad y mortalidad a nivel mundial, con el infarto de miocardio (IM) como una de sus manifestaciones más graves. La lipoproteína(a) [Lp(a)], una subclase de lipoproteínas influenciada genéticamente, ha recibido atención por su papel en la aterogénesis y trombogénesis. Este estudio analiza las diferencias clínicas y demográficas en pacientes con IM temprano, según los niveles de Lp(a), divididos en dos grupos: Lp(a) &lt; 50 mg/dL y Lp(a) &#8805; 50 mg/dL. Se realizó un análisis retrospectivo evaluando características demográficas y clínicas, perfiles lipídicos y comorbilidades.  Métodos: Se realizó un análisis retrospectivo de cohortes en pacientes con IM temprano, agrupados según niveles de Lp(a) (&lt; 50 mg/dL o &#8805; 50 mg/dL). Se analizaron parámetros clínicos como edad de inicio del IM, número de vasos coronarios afectados, diabetes mellitus, hipertensión arterial, tabaquismo, uso de estatinas, índice de masa corporal (IMC) y sexo, junto con los perfiles lipídicos, incluidos colesterol total, triglicéridos, HDL, no-HDL y LDL. Se realizaron comparaciones y correlaciones estadísticas para evaluar las relaciones entre Lp(a) y otras características clínicas.  Resultados: Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos. Lp(a) elevado (&#8805; 50 mg/dL) se asoció con un IM más temprano, mayor número de vasos afectados y menor uso de estatinas. Los niveles más altos de Lp(a) se correlacionaron con mayor IMC y niveles de HDL más bajos.  Conclusiones: Los niveles elevados de Lp(a) se asocian con un inicio más temprano del IM, mayor carga vascular y alteraciones del perfil lipídico.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Lipoprotein(a)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Myocardial infarction]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cardiovascular disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Statin therapy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Biomarker]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Risk stratification]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Lipoproteína(a)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Infarto de miocardio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enfermedad cardiovascular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Terapia con estatinas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Biomarcador]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Estratificación del riesgo]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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