<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-9940</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Archivos de cardiología de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Arch. Cardiol. Méx.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-9940</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-99402018000400253</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.acmx.2017.02.007</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Nivel de ruido ambiental en 2 unidades de cuidados críticos de un centro de tercer nivel de atención]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Environmental noise levels in 2 intensive care units in a tertiary care centre]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ornelas-Aguirre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zárate-Coronado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Olivia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gaxiola-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fabiola]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Neyoy-Sombra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Venigna]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Centro Médico Nacional del Noroeste Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ciudad Obregón Sonora]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Sonora Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Obregón Sonora]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Centro Médico Nacional del Noroeste Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Obregón Sonora]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Centro Médico Nacional del Noroeste Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Obregón Sonora]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>88</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>253</fpage>
<lpage>260</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-99402018000400253&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-99402018000400253&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-99402018000400253&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción:  La Organización Mundial de la Salud establece como nivel máximo de ruido 40 decibelios (dB) para una unidad de cuidados críticos. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la intensidad del nivel de ruido ambiental en 2 unidades de cuidados críticos de un hospital de tercer nivel de atención.  Métodos:  En un diseño observacional, descriptivo y transversal se comparó el nivel máximo de ruido dentro de la unidad de cuidados intensivos metabólicos y coronarios con un medidor digital. La medición en 4 puntos diferentes de cada habitación con intervalos de 5 min durante un período de 60 min se llevó a cabo a las 7:30, 14:30 y 20:30. El promedio de las observaciones se comparó con estadística descriptiva y U de Mann-Whitney. Un análisis con la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis se realizó para comparar los promedios de ruido en las diferentes lecturas.  Resultados:  Se observó que el ruido en la unidad de cuidados intensivos tuvo un promedio de 64.77 ± 3.33 dB (p = 0.08); algo similar sucedió en la unidad de cuidados intensivos metabólicos coronarios con un promedio de 60.20 ± 1.58 dB (p = 0.129). El 25% o más de las mediciones superaron hasta por 20 puntos lo recomendado por la Organización Mundial de la Salud.  Conclusiones:  El nivel de ruido que se encontró en las unidades de cuidados intensivos estudiadas sobrepasan el nivel máximo recomendado para un hospital. Es necesario diseñar y aplicar acciones para una mayor participación del personal de salud en la disminución del ruido ambiental.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction:  The World Health Organisation (WHO) has established a maximum noise level of 40 decibels (dB) for an intensive care unit. The aim of this study was to compare the noise levels in 2 different intensive care units at a tertiary care centre.  Methods:  Using a cross-sectional design study, an analysis was made of the maximum noise level was within the intensive coronary care unit and intensive care unit using a digital meter. A measurement was made in 4 different points of each room, with 5 minute intervals, for a period of 60 minutes 7:30, 14:30, and 20:30. The means of the observations were compared with descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney U. An analysis with Kruskal-Wallis test was performed to the mean noise level.  Results:  The noise observed in the intensive care unit had a mean of 64.77 ± 3.33 dB (P = .08), which was similar to that in the intensive coronary care unit, with a mean of 60.20 ± 1.58 dB (P = .129). Around 25% or more of the measurements exceeded the level recommended by the WHO by up to 20 points.  Conclusions:  Noise levels measured in intensive care wards exceed the maximum recommended level for a hospital. It is necessary to design and implement actions for greater participation of health personnel in the reduction of environmental noise.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ruido]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Unidad de cuidado intensivo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Calidad de atención en salud]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[México]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Noise]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Intensive care unit]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Quality of health care]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mexico]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-Cárdenas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández-Herranz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AI]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Valoración del grado de satisfacción de los familiares de pacientes ingresados en una unidad de cuidados intensivos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Med Intensiva]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<page-range>237-49</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schmid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goepfert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reuter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Patient monitoring alarms in the ICU and in the operating room]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Crit Care]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<page-range>216</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<source><![CDATA[WHO Guidelines for Community Noise]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marqués]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calvo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mompart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Multi-center study of noise in patients from hospitals in Spain: A questionnaire survey]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Noise Health]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<page-range>83-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toledo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amaral]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JLG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Qualification and quantification of ambient noise exposure in a general intensive care unit]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Bras Otorrinolaringol]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>69</volume>
<page-range>766-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freedman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kotzer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schwab]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Patient perception of sleep quality and etiology of sleep disruption in the intensive care unit]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Respir Crit Care Med]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>159</volume>
<page-range>1155-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brandenberger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Follenius]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wittersheim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Plasma catecholamines and pituitary adrenal hormones related to mental task demand under quiet and noise conditions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biol Psychol]]></source>
<year>1980</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>239-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stansfeld]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matheson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Noise pollution: Non-auditory effects on health]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Br Med Bull]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>68</volume>
<page-range>243-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaltenbach]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maschke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Klinke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Health consequences of aircraft noise]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Dtsch Arztebl Int]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>105</volume>
<page-range>548-56</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hume]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brink]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Basner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of environmental noise on sleep]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Noise Health]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<page-range>297-302</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Melamed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Froom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kristal-Boneh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Industrial noise exposure, noise annoyance, and serum lipid levels in blue-collar workers----the CORDIS Study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Environ Health]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<page-range>292-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Babisch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gallacher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JEJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elwood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Traffic noise and cardiovascular risk. The Caerphilly Study, first phase: Outdoor noise levels and risk factors]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Environ Health]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<volume>43</volume>
<page-range>407-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lawson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thompson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saunders]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sound intensity and noise evaluation in a critical care unit]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Crit Care]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<page-range>e88-99</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aaron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carlisle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carskadon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Environmental noise as a cause of sleep disruption in an intermediate respiratory care unit]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Sleep]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<page-range>707-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scott]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Managing anxiety in ICU patients: The role of preoperative information provision]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nurs Crit Care]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>72-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nicolás]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aizpitarte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iruarrizaga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Perception of night- time sleep by the surgical patients in an Intensive Care Unit]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nurs Crit Care]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<page-range>25-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richards]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O&#8217;Sullivan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Phillips]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Measurement of sleep in critically ill patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Nurs Meas]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<page-range>131-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kahn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cook]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carlisle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Identification and modification of environmental noise in an ICU setting]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Chest]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>114</volume>
<page-range>535-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Busch-Vishniac]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[West]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barnhill]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Noise levels in Johns Hopkins Hospital]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Acoust Soc Am]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>118</volume>
<page-range>3629-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vinodhkumaradithyaa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Srinivasan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ananthalakshmi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Noise levels in a tertiary care hospital]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Noise Health]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>11-3</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vílchez-Dagostino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Porras-Peña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giles-Saavedra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[al]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[et]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Correlation of anxiety and acoustic contamination in hospitalized patients of the hospital Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo, june 2010]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev cuerpo méd. HNAAA]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>10-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yoder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Staisiunas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meltzer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DO]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Noise and sleep among adult medical inpatients: Far from a quiet night]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Intern Med]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>172</volume>
<page-range>68-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McLaren]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maxwell-Armstrong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Noise pollution on an acute surgical ward]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ann R Coll Surg Engl]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>90</volume>
<page-range>136-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JY]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A study in hospital noise---a case from Taiwan]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Occup Saf Ergon]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<page-range>83-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Otenio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cremer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Claro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Noise level in a 222 bed hospital in the 18th health region-PR]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Braz J Otorhinolaryngol]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>73</volume>
<page-range>245-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendoza-Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roque-Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moncada-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Noise level in a care and teaching hospital institution]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gac Med Mex]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>132</volume>
<page-range>127-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Konkani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oakley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Noise in hospital intensive care units-a critical review of a critical topic]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Crit Care]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<page-range>522</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Macedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mateus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa Ede]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Noise assessment in intensive care units]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Braz J Otorhinolaryngol]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>75</volume>
<page-range>844-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Park]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yoo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Noise in hospital rooms and sleep disturbance in hospitalized medical patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environ Health Toxicol]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<edition>e2014006</edition>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Darbyshire]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Young]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An investigation of sound levels on intensive care units with reference to the WHO guidelines]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Critical Care]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<page-range>R187</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The acoustic environment of intensive care wards based on long period nocturnal measurements]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Noise Health]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<page-range>230-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khademi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roudi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shah Farhat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Noise pollution in intensive care units and emergency wards]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Iran J Otorhinolaryngol]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<page-range>141-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elliott]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McKinley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eager]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A pilot study of sound levels in an Australian adult general intensive care unit]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Noise Health]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<page-range>26-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bentley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murphy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dudley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Perceived noise in a surgical Ward and an intensive care unit: An objective analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Br Med J]]></source>
<year>1977</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>1503-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez-Carretero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monsalve]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soriano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Emotional disorders and psychological needs of patients in an Intensive Care Unit]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Med Intensiva]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<page-range>318-25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>36</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ryherd]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waye]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ljungkvist]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Characterizing noise and perceived work environment in a neurological intensive care unit]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Acoust Soc Am]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>123</volume>
<page-range>747-56</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<label>37</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mills]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clinical review: The impact of noise on patients&#8217; sleep and the effectiveness of noise reduction strategies in intensive care units]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Crit Care]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<page-range>208</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<label>38</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richardson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thompson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coghill]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Development and implementation of a noise reduction intervention programme: A pre- and postaudit of three hospital wards]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Nurs]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<page-range>3316-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<label>39</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tegnestedt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Günther]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reichard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Levels and sources of sound in the intensive care unit - an observationalstudy of three room types]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Anaesthesiol Scand]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>57</volume>
<page-range>1041-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<label>40</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Novaes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aronovich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferraz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Stressors in ICU: Patients&#8217; evaluation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Intensive Care Med]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<page-range>1282-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
