Infective endocarditis and caseous calcification of the mitral annulus: The odd couple
La endocarditis infecciosa y la calcificación caseosa del anillo mitral: la extraña pareja
Esmeralda Capín, Diego León, María Luisa Rodríguez, Cecilia Corros, Ana García-Campos, Jesús de la Hera, María Martín*
]]> Unidad de Imagen, Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
* Corresponding author at:
Av. Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
Tel.: +34 985108000-36173.
E-mail address: mmartinf7@hotmail.com (M. Martín).
Received August 21, 2013
Accepted December 16, 2013
]]> Abstract
Caseous calcification of the mitral annulus is an infrequent echocardiographic finding. The differential diagnosis includes other entities like tumors, abscess or thrombus. Both cardiac CT and cardiac MRI may be useful for its definitive diagnosis.
Keywords: Caseous calcification of the mitral annulus; Endocarditis; 3D echocardiography.
Resumen
La calcificación caseosa del anillo mitral es un hallazgo ecocardiográfico poco frecuente. Debe hacerse el diagnóstico diferencial con otras entidades tales como tumores, abscesos o trombos. Para su diagnóstico definitivo además del ecocardiograma tanto el TC cardiaco como la Cardio RM pueden ser de utilidad.
Palabras clave: Calcificación caseosa del anillo mitral; Endocarditis; Ecocardiograma 3D.
A 69-year-old woman with morbid obesity and positive blood cultures for Streptococcus agalactiae was subjected to echocardiographic analysis. It revealed a caseous calcification (CC) of the mitral annulus and mobile images attached to it. Transesophageal study confirmed endocarditis without mitral regurgitation (Fig. 1A–D). Antibiotic treatment was successful.
CC occurs in less than 0.07% of patients who undergo echocardiography. It can be misdiagnosed with other entities such as tumors and thrombus in cases like the one we report, it can be also misdiagnosed with an abscess. Other techniques such as cardiac CT or MRI are very useful to confirm this rare diagnosis; in our patient, morbid obesity prevented the use of further diagnostic tools.1,2
]]>Funding
There was no funding for this job.
Conflict of interests
Authors do not have any conflict of interests.
References
1. G.J. Wynn, S. Ruthven, B.M. Fabri, A. Chenzbraun. Caseous calcification of the anterior mitral leaflet: an unusual presentation of a rare pathology-role of 3D TEE. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2012;13:624. [ Links ]
]]>2. S. Ribeiro, A. Salgado, N. Salomé. Critical multi-organ emboli originating from collapsed, vulnerable caseous mitral annular calcification. Rev Port Cardiol. 2012;31:313-6. [ Links ]
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