<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-5546</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Computación y Sistemas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Comp. y Sist.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-5546</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Computación]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-55462003000100005</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Predictive Control Based on an Auto-Regressive Neuro-Fuzzy Model Applied to the Steam Generator Startup Process at a Fossil Power Plant]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Control Predictivo Basado en un Modelo Neurodifuso Auto-Regresivo Aplicado al Proceso de Arranque del Degenerador de Vapor de una Unidad Termoeléctrica]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruz Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suárez Cerda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Dionisio A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shelomov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Evgen]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villavicencio Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma del Carmen Facultad de Ingeniería ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cd. del Carmen Campeche]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Investigaciones Eléctricas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cuernavaca Morelos]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2003</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2003</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>204</fpage>
<lpage>212</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-55462003000100005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-55462003000100005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-55462003000100005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[This paper presents an application of artificial intelligence techniques for the improvement of the operation of a thermoelectric unit. The capacity for empirical learning gained from artificial intelligence systems was utilized in the development of the strategy. A neuro-fuzzy model for the steam generator startup process is obtained from experimental data. Ultimately, the neuro-fuzzy model is combined with a predictive control algorithm to produce a control strategy for the heating stage of the steam generator. This provides the operators at the fossil power plant with the necessary information to efficiently accomplish the heating process. The information gained from the control strategy is not directly applied to an automatic control scheme; instead it is presented to the operator who then decides on its application. Therefore, in this way the information is used to develop a strategy that takes into consideration the personal capacity and the working routine of the operator. The simulation tests that were carried out demonstrated the feasibility and the beneficial results that can be obtained fromthe application of any of the three variants of predictive control proposed in this paper.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[En este trabajo se presenta una aplicación de técnicas de inteligencia artificial al mejoramiento de la operación de una unidad termoeléctrica. El desarrollo llevado a cabo aprovecha la capacidad de aprendizaje a partir de experiencias, que ofrecen los sistemas basados en inteligencia artificial. Usando datos experimentales, se obtiene un modelo neurodifuso del comportamiento del arranque de un generador de vapor. Posteriormente, este modelo se combina con un algoritmo de control predictivo para construir una estrategia de control para la etapa de calentamiento del generador de vapor, la cual permite ofrecer a los operadores de la unidad termoeléctrica la información requerida para llevar a cabo de manera eficiente el calentamiento. La información generada por la estrategia de control no se aplica directamente en un esquema de control automático, sino que se ofrece al operador y éste decide en última instancia su aplicación. Por la manera como es empleada la información generada, la estrategia toma en cuenta las limitaciones y las costumbres de los operadores. Las pruebas en simulación llevadas a cabo muestran la factibilidad de la estrategia y el buen desempeño que se obtiene a través de la aplicación de cualquiera de las tres variantes de control predictivo ofrecidas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Predictive control]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[optimization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ANFIS]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[auto-regressive model]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[steam generator]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fossil power plant]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Control predictivo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[optimización]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ANFIS]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[modelo auto-regresivo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[generador de vapor]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[central termoeléctrica]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Art&iacute;culo</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Predictive Control Based on an Auto&#150;Regressive Neuro&#150;Fuzzy Model Applied to the Steam Generator Startup Process at a Fossil Power Plant</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="3"><b><i>Control Predictivo Basado en un Modelo Neurodifuso Auto&#150;Regresivo Aplicado al Proceso de Arranque del Degenerador de Vapor de una Unidad Termoel&eacute;ctrica</i></b></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Jos&eacute; Antonio Ruz Hern&aacute;ndez<sup>1</sup>, Dionisio A. Su&aacute;rez Cerda<sup>2</sup> , Evgen Shelomov<sup>1</sup> and Alejandro Villavicencio Ram&iacute;rez<sup>2</sup></b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>1</sup> Facultad de Ingenier&iacute;a de la Universidad Aut&oacute;noma del Carmen Calle 56 No. 4X Av. Concordia, Cd. del Carmen, Campeche, M&eacute;xico. E&#150;mails: <a href="mailto:jruz@pampano.unacar.mx">jruz@pampano.unacar.mx</a> ; <a href="mailto:eshelomov@pampano.unacar.mx">eshelomov@pampano.unacar.mx</a></i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>2 </sup>Instituto de Investigaciones El&eacute;ctricas Calle Reforma No. 113, Col. Palmira, Cuernavaca, Morelos, M&eacute;xico C.P. 62490. E&#150;mails:<a href="mailto:suarez@iie.org.mx"> suarez@iie.org.mx</a> ; <a href="mailto:avilla@iie.org.mx">avilla@iie.org.mx</a></i></font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Article received on January 07, 2003    <br>   Accepted on March 14, 2003</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">This paper presents an application of artificial intelligence techniques for the improvement of the operation of a thermoelectric unit. The capacity for empirical learning gained from artificial intelligence systems was utilized in the development of the strategy. A neuro&#150;fuzzy model for the steam generator startup process is obtained from experimental data. Ultimately, the neuro&#150;fuzzy model is combined with a predictive control algorithm to produce a control strategy for the heating stage of the steam generator. This provides the operators at the fossil power plant with the necessary information to efficiently accomplish the heating process. The information gained from the control strategy is not directly applied to an automatic control scheme; instead it is presented to the operator who then decides on its application. Therefore, in this way the information is used to develop a strategy that takes into consideration the personal capacity and the working routine of the operator. The simulation tests that were carried out demonstrated the feasibility and the beneficial results that can be obtained fromthe application of any of the three variants of predictive control proposed in this paper.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords:</b> Predictive control, optimization, ANFIS, auto&#150;regressive model, steam generator, fossil power plant.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">En este trabajo se presenta una aplicaci&oacute;n de t&eacute;cnicas de inteligencia artificial al mejoramiento de la operaci&oacute;n de una unidad termoel&eacute;ctrica. El desarrollo llevado a cabo aprovecha la capacidad de aprendizaje a partir de experiencias, que ofrecen los sistemas basados en inteligencia artificial. Usando datos experimentales, se obtiene un modelo neurodifuso del comportamiento del arranque de un generador de vapor. Posteriormente, este modelo se combina con un algoritmo de control predictivo para construir una estrategia de control para la etapa de calentamiento del generador de vapor, la cual permite ofrecer a los operadores de la unidad termoel&eacute;ctrica la informaci&oacute;n requerida para llevar a cabo de manera eficiente el calentamiento. La informaci&oacute;n generada por la estrategia de control no se aplica directamente en un esquema de control autom&aacute;tico, sino que se ofrece al operador y &eacute;ste decide en &uacute;ltima instancia su aplicaci&oacute;n. Por la manera como es empleada la informaci&oacute;n generada, la estrategia toma en cuenta las limitaciones y las costumbres de los operadores. Las pruebas en simulaci&oacute;n llevadas a cabo muestran la factibilidad de la estrategia y el buen desempe&ntilde;o que se obtiene a trav&eacute;s de la aplicaci&oacute;n de cualquiera de las tres variantes de control predictivo ofrecidas.</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Palabras Clave:</b> Control predictivo, optimizaci&oacute;n, ANFIS, modelo auto&#150;regresivo, generador de vapor, central termoel&eacute;ctrica.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/cys/v6n3/v6n3a5.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>References</b></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Babuska R.</b>, <i>"An Overview of Fuzzy Modeling and Model&#150;Based Fuzzy Control", </i>volume Fuzzy Logic Control Advances in Applications, Part I: Tutorials of <i>World Scientific Series in Robotics and Intelligent Systems, 1999.</i></font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2034337&pid=S1405-5546200300010000500001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Babu<b>s</b>ka R. </b>and<b> Verbruggen H. 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