<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-3195</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Agrociencia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Agrociencia]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-3195</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio de Postgraduados]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-31952017000200135</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Extracción de compuestos bioactivos de Pitaya Roja (Stenocereus stellatus) aplicando pretratamientos con microondas, ultrasonido y enzimáticos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Extraction of Red Pitaya (Stenocereus stellatus) bioactive compounds applying microwave, ultrasound and enzymatic pretreatments]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-Loredo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-De Jesús]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lourdes]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barragán-Huerta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Blanca E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Politécnico Nacional Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas Departamento de Ingeniería en Sistemas Ambientales]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>135</fpage>
<lpage>151</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-31952017000200135&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-31952017000200135&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-31952017000200135&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La demanda de aditivos naturales en alimentos ha aumentado en años recientes. La pitaya roja (Stenocereus stellatus) se puede usar como fuente de betalaínas y compuestos fenólicos, pero no existen informes sobre la extracción de estos compuestos usando estos frutos. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de los pretratamientos por microondas, ultrasonido y enzimáticos en el aumento de betacianinas (Bc), betaxantinas (Bx), betalaínas totales (BT), compuestos fenólicos totales (CFT) y la capacidad antioxidante (CA) en los extractos de pulpa con y sin semillas del fruto de S. stellatus. El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar y los resultados se analizaron mediante un ANDEVA y un análisis de componentes principales (ACP). La mayor concentración de compuestos bioactivos se obtuvo utilizando la pulpa sin semillas y, para esta muestra, el pretratamiento con ultrasonido por 15 min aumentó (p&#8804;0.05) la cantidad de Bc, Bx y BT 13.5, 12.7 y 13.1 % respecto al testigo. La aplicación de pectinasa al 0.5 % aumentó (p&#8804;0.05) los valores de CFT en un 109.7 % y CA en 102.6 %. El pretratamiento con ultrasonido maximizó el contenido de pigmentos (480.3 mg BT 100 g-1 de pulpa seca) y con 0.5 % pectinasa, 2 h, 40 °C, pH 4.0 se maximizó el contenido de CFT (804.5 mg equivalentes de ácido gálico 100 g-1 de pulpa seca) y la CA (4925.7 mg equivalentes de Trolox g-1 de pulpa seca). De acuerdo con el ACP existe una relación directa entre el contenido de CFT y la CA de la pitaya roja S. stellatus. Por lo tanto, se concluye que el uso combinado de los tratamientos de ultrasonido y pectinasa maximiza la extracción de compuestos bioactivos de la pitaya.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract In recent years, the demand for natural food additives has increased. Although they can be used as a source of betalains and phenolic compounds, there is no information about the extraction of these compounds from red pitayas (Stenocereus stellatus). Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of microwave, ultrasound, and enzymatic pretreatments in the increase of betacyanins (Bc), betaxanthins (Bx), total betalains (TB), total phenolic compounds (TPC), and antioxidant capacity (AC) in the extracts of S. stellatus fruit pulp (with and without seeds). The experimental design was completely randomized and the results were analyzed using ANOVA and Principal Components Analysis (PCA). The highest concentration of bioactive compounds was obtained using seedless pulp. In this sample, 15 min ultrasound pretreatment increased (p&#8804;0.05) the amount of Bc, Bx, and TB by 13.5, 12.7, and 13.1 %, respectively, in relation to control. The application of 0.5 % pectinase increased (p&#8804;0.05) TPC and AC values by 109.7 %, and 102.6 %, respectively. The ultrasound pretreatment maximized the pigment content (480.3 mg TB 100 g-1 dry pulp) and with 0.5 % pectinase, 2 h, 40 °C, pH 4.0, the TPC content was maximized (804.5 mg equivalents of Gallic acid 100 g-1 dry pulp), as well as the AC (4925.7 mg equivalents of Trolox g-1 dry pulp). According to the PCA, there is a direct relation between the red pitaya S. stellatus TPC and AC content. Therefore, we conclude that the combined use of ultrasound and pectinase treatments maximizes the extraction of bioactive compounds from the pitaya.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Extracción]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Stenocereus stellatus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[betalaínas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ultrasonido]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[microondas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enzimáticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[extraction]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Stenocereus stellatus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[betalain]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ultrasound]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[microwaves]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[enzymatic]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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