<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0484-7903</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de anestesiología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. anestesiol.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0484-7903</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio Mexicano de Anestesiología A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0484-79032019000400296</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Alergia a anestésicos locales: serie de casos y revisión literatura]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Allergy to local anesthetics: case series and literature review]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Collado-Chagoya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rodrigo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz-Pantoja]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rubén Alejandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Romero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Javier]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León-Oviedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cristóbal]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velasco-Medina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrea Aida]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velázquez-Sámano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guillermo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chávez-Ortega]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sharon Guadalupe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital General de México «Dr. Eduardo Liceaga» Servicio de Inmunología Clínica y Alergia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano Seguro Social Hospital General «La Raza» Servicio de Anestesiología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>296</fpage>
<lpage>301</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0484-79032019000400296&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0484-79032019000400296&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0484-79032019000400296&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Los anestésicos locales son sustancias químicas que bloquean la conducción del impulso nervioso, produciendo insensibilidad reversible y predecible en un área del cuerpo, sin alterar la conciencia, son ampliamente utilizados en odontología, procedimientos de cirugía menor, urgencias, urología, ortopedia, dermatología y procedimientos obstétricos. Los efectos adversos más comunes involucran reacciones vasovagales o tóxicos (no mediados inmunológicamente) y efectos secundarios causados por la inclusión de epinefrina con el anestésico local. Sin embargo, en la actualidad se ha reportado un aumento en el reporte de reacciones alérgicas al uso de anestésicos locales siendo previamente reportadas como raras con una incidencia menor al 1%.  Serie de casos:  Se describen tres casos de reacciones alérgicas a anestésicos, en tres casos reacciones de hipersensibilidad inmediata y un caso severo (anafilaxia); en dos pacientes el antecedente de exposición a anestésicos locales previa y dos pacientes tienen alergia a otro medicamento, se describe protocolo diagnóstico y terapéutico. Los anestésicos locales son uno de los medicamentos de mayor uso en el ámbito médico intra- y extrahospitalario y los efectos adversos pueden ser fatales; es necesario conocer el tipo de efectos adversos asociados, así como las condiciones que pueden condicionar la aparición y el tratamiento de una reacción alérgica (antecedente de atopia, alergia a otros fármacos, reactividad cruzada entre anestésicos locales).]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Local anesthetics are chemicals that block the conduction of the nerve impulse, producing reversible and predictable insensitivity in an area of the body, without altering consciousness. Local anesthetics are widely used in dentistry, minor surgery procedures, urgencies, urology, orthopedics, dermatology and obstetric procedures. The most common adverse effects involve vasovagal or toxic reactions (not immunologically mediated) and side effects caused by the inclusion of epinephrine with the local anesthetic. However, an increase in the reporting of Allergic Reactions to the use of Local Anesthetics has now been reported, previously being reported as rare with an incidence of less than 1%.  Case series:  Three cases of allergic reactions to anesthetics are described, being in the three cases immediate hypersensitivity reactions and one severe reaction (anaphylaxis), having in two patients the previous exposure to local anesthetics and two patients having allergy to another drug, describing its diagnostic and therapeutic protocol. Considering the local anesthetics are one of the most commonly used drugs in the intra and extrahospital medical field and the Adverse Effects can be fatal, it is necessary to know the type of associated adverse effects, as well as the conditions that can condition the appearance and treatment of an allergic reaction (history of atopy, allergy to other drugs, cross reactivity between local anesthetics).]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Alergia anestésicos locales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[reacción hipersensibilidad anestésicos locales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[reactividad cruzada anestésicos locales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[alergia perioperatoria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Allergic reactions to local anesthetics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hypersensitivity reactions to local anesthetics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cross reactivity local anesthetics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[perioperative allergy]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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